《东北红豆杉枝叶生长时期变化规律研究》-毕业论文（设计）.docVIP

精品 精品 东北红豆杉枝叶中有效成分空间分布及生长时期变化规律 摘 要 东北红豆杉（Taxus cuspidata Sieb. et. Zucc.）是红豆杉科（Taxaceae）红豆杉属植物，是我国东北分布的珍贵第三纪孑遗树种、国家I级重点保护的野生濒危植物种类。紫杉醇（paclitaxel，商品名taxol）及三尖杉宁碱（cephalomannine）均为红豆杉属植物中含有的二萜类化合物，具广谱抗肿瘤活性和独特的抗癌作用机理。 本实验探讨了不同部位、不同生长时期东北红豆杉枝叶中的紫杉醇和三尖杉宁碱含量的分布规律，结果表明多数树冠部位的当年生枝叶中两种物质的含量低于两年生和三年生枝叶，而两年生和三年生枝叶中两种物质含量差异不显著；阳面树冠的3个层次的两种物质含量无明显差异，阳面的含量稍高于阴面。天然东北红豆杉当年生枝叶中紫杉醇含量在休眠期达到最高，花期和果期含量无太大差异；三尖杉宁碱含量在休眠期也最高，部分植株的当年生枝叶中三尖杉宁碱含量为花期低于果期，但有个别植株中二者含量差异不显著；每个植株个体之间紫杉醇和三尖杉宁碱含量均差异显著。 关键词：东北红豆杉；紫杉醇；三尖杉宁碱；超声提取；HPLC Variation in Paclitaxel and Cephalomannine contents in nature Japanese yew Abstract The Japanese yew (Taxus cuspidata Sieb. et. Zucc.) is a survivor tertiary species and national level endangered species which belongs to Taxaceae. Paclitaxel and cephalomannine are both diterpenoid in Taxus with special anticancer mechanism and antitumous activity. This experiment have determined the paclitaxel and cephalomannine contents in branches and leaves of Japanese yew in different parts and periods. The results indicated that most parts of paclitaxel and cephalomannine contents in branches and leaves of current year were lower than those of biennial and perennial, but paclitaxel and cephalomannine contents in branches and leaves had no conspicuous difference between biennial and perennial; there were no conspicuous difference in three hierarchical，but the contents of the two materials in sunny side were slightly higher than the overcast side. Paclitaxel contents of current branches and leaves were highest during dormancy stage, but it had no signficant difference between flower season and fruit season. The contents of cephalomannine was highest during dormancy stage too, and the cephalomannine contents in flower season were lower than fruit season of parts of samples trees, but some had no significant difference, individual variation was significant. Key words：Taxus cuspidata；paclitaxel；cephalomannine；ultrasonic extraction method；HPLC