保护生物学 恢复生物学.ppt

* Figure 56.3 Three levels of biodiversity * * * Figure 56.5 * * Figure 56.6 The rosy periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus), a plant that saves lives * * * * * Figure 56.9 * * * Figure 56.10 * Figure 56.12 Long-term monitoring of a grizzly bear population * Figure 56.14 * Figure 56.16 * Figure 56.17 * Figure 56.19 For the Discovery Video Rain Forests, go to Animation and Video Files. * Figure 56.20 A diver measuring coral in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary * Figure 56.21 * Figure 56.23 Restoration ecology worldwide * Figure 56.23 Restoration ecology worldwide * Figure 56.23 Restoration ecology worldwide * Figure 56.23 Restoration ecology worldwide * * * Figure 56.25 Biophilia, past and present * Corridors That Connect Habitat Fragments A movement corridor is a narrow strip of quality habitat connecting otherwise isolated patches. Movement corridors promote dispersal and help sustain populations. In areas of heavy human use, artificial corridors are sometimes constructed. An artificial corridor Establishing Protected Areas Conservation biologists apply understanding of ecological dynamics in establishing protected areas to slow the loss of biodiversity. Much of their focus has been on hot spots of biological diversity. A biodiversity hot spot is a relatively small area with a great concentration of endemic species and many endangered and threatened species. Biodiversity hot spots are good choices for nature reserves, but identifying them is not always easy. Earth’s terrestrial and marine biodiversity hot spots Equator Terrestrial biodiversity hot spots Marine biodiversity hot spots Philosophy of Nature Reserves Nature reserves are biodiversity islands in a sea of habitat degraded by human activity. Nature reserves must consider disturbances as a functional component of all ecosystems. An important question is whether to create fewer large reserves or more numerous small reserves. One argument for extensive reserves is that large, far-ranging animals wit