南大附中高考英语语法复习专练25份附解析及答案.docVIP

PAGE 第PAGE 448页 必威体育精装版南大附中高考英语语法复习专练25套附解析及答案 动词时态和语态—动词语态 被动语态 不用被动语态的情况 1) 不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态：appear, die disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, standbreak out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place.如：After the fire, very little remained of my house.　比较： rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。　　如： 　(错) The price has been risen.　(对) The price has risen.　(错) The accident was happened last week.　　　　(对) The accident happened last week.　(错) The price has raised.　　　　　　　　　　　(对) The price has been raised.　(错) Please seat.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(对) Please be seated.要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。 2) 不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语： fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to 　如： 1. This key just fits the lock. 　 2. Your story agrees with what had already been heard.　 3) 系动词无被动语态： appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste等　 如：It sounds good.　 4) 带同源宾语的及物动词，反身代词，相互代词，不能用于被动语态： die, death, dream, live, life　如：She dreamed a bad dream last night.　 5) 当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。　如： (对) She likes to swim.　　 (错) To swim is liked by her. 主动形式表示被动意义 1）wash, clean, cook, iron(熨平), look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell等。例如： 　　 The book sells well.　　这本书销路好。 　　 This knife cuts easily.　 这刀子很好用。 2）blame (责备), let（出租）, remain, keep, rent, build等。例如： 　　 I was to blame for the accident. 事故发生了，我该受指责。 　　 Much work remains. 还有许多活要干。 3） 在need, require, want, worth （形容词）, deserve后的动名词必须用主动形式。例如：1. The door needs repairing.= The door needs to be repaired. 门该修了。 　2. This book is worth reading.　这本书值得一读。 4）特殊结构：make sb. heard / understood （使别人能听见/理解自己）等。 如：? Explain it clearly and make yourself understood. 解释清楚些，让别人理解你的话。 1990-2004年全国高考试题中的时态和语态题 1.The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as so