英语论文写作课件答案 陈倩ISBN 9787566304391DSRTN15.pptVIP

UNIT 15REFERENCE AND BIBLIOGRAPHY CONTENTS 1. REFERENCE INSIDE THE TEXT 2. BIBLIOGRAPHY LIST 3. OTHER ISSUES 4. PRACTICE OBJECTIVES To understand： The format and rules of acknowledging references in the text The format and rules of writing bibliography list 1. REFERENCE INSIDE THE TEXT A. direct quotations take down exactly what the original like and enclose it in double or single quotation marks. （see Note 1 next page） B. indirect quotations give others’ words in your own language without putting them inside quotation marks, and acknowledge the reference （no page number is required）. Note 1： Slade： ‘direct quotations should be enclosed in double quotation marks’ （1997：58）. But ELT Journal and Harvard system referencing all use single quotation marks. Whichever is chosen, be sure to keep consistent through out the entire paper. Read the samples pp153-155 Answer the following questions： 1. Where should the reference given, i.e. before or after the quoted information？ 2. If the author’s name is already given as part of the text, should it be given again inside parentheses？ 3. What kind of verb form is used in introducing quotations？ 4. Should Latin terms like ‘ibid’ be used in this system？ 5. What elements are involved in the reference？ Notes 2： 1. References come after the relevant point of information quoted or the author’s name as the above examples; 2. If the author’s name is used as part of the sentence, it does not need to be repeated within the brackets as Example b; 3. The verbs used to introduce a reference should be in the present simple tense as Example f, because even if the book or article was written many years ago, it still exists now, and communicates its message to any reader at any time; 4. Latin terms used with references like ‘ibid.’, ‘op.cit’ are not used in the Harvard system of reference; 5. In this system all references are made within the body of the text, and involve only: the author’s surname (no fir