我国制造业上市企业创新投入强度评价.pdf

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我国制造业上市企业创新投入强度评价.pdf

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Evaluation ofInnovation InputIntensity of ChineseListedM anufacturingEnterprises YuanDongming，ZhouJianqi，MaShuping＆LiaoBo Topromotejnnovativedevelopmentofthenationaleconom31,Chinahas．during thepastfeW years，implemented aseriesoffavorablepoliciesforenterprise innovation，andcreatedasocialatmospherewithmassentrepreneurshipand innovation．Wim guidingpoliciesduringtheeconomicdownturn．itissignificant tohaveanobjectiveevaluationofinnovationinputindifierentindustriesand whetherChineseenterpriseshaveacceleratedinnovation．in ordertodesign betterinnovation—supportivepolicies．Tothisend，wehaveca~iedoutatwo． dimensionalevaluationofenteprriseinnovationinput．basedonRD intensity and humancapitalinputpercapitaoflistedmanufacturingenterprises． Accordingtotheresults．theseenterprisesinChinahavepaidincreasing attentiontoRD．withthegeneralintensityfrom 2．23％ in2012to2．62％ in 20l4，butlittleattentiontohumancapita】input．aweaknessininnovationinput ofChineseenterprises． I．TheoriesandM odelsofEvaluatingEnterpriseInnovation Thereare，athomeandabroad，twomainmethodstoevaluateenterprise innovation，namely,outputmethodandinputone．Innovationoutputincludes coretechnology，intellectualpropertyrights，self-ownedbrands，business modelsandprofits．Althoughtheycanreflectenterpriseabilitytoinnovate，it iSdifficulttoobtaintheirdataandsomeindicatorscannotevenbequantified． Innovationinputmainlyincludestheinputofcapital，technology，human capital，andmanagement，which，notnecessarilyrelatedto theabilityto innovate，show enterpriseeffortstopromoteinnovation．Generallyspeaking， themoreeffortsthereare．themoresuccessfulinnovationwillbe．Inpractice， thecombinationofoutputandinputmethodsiSused toevaluateasingle enteprrise．whiletheinputmethodiScommonwhenevaluatinginnovationina groupofenteprrises． Formanufacturing enteprrises，thekeytoinnovatingliesintechnological advancement，includingproductupgrading，qualityandprocessimprovement，etc． Torealizetechnologicaladvancement．internalR＆D andintroductionfrom