257-影响蒸汽压缩式低环温热泵运行的结构要素分析.pdfVIP

影响蒸汽压缩式低环温热泵运行的结构要 素分析 1* 1,2 1 1 2 王吉进 曲德虎 倪龙 姚杨 王家贵 1 哈尔滨工业大学 2 广东吉荣空调 摘 要：最近十年，诸多学者致力于改善蒸汽压缩式低环温热泵的运行效果，然有关此 类热泵结构要素及其影响的研究还不多。基于（火积）耗散理论分析了此类热泵中多级压缩、 多级节流、制冷剂喷射三种结构对提升制热性能的作用；同时基于非平衡态热力学理论简述 了缓冲结构对改善热泵系统稳定性的重要意义。最后，归纳分析了包含结构要素的典型系统 制热性能改善与（火积）耗散回收之间的联系，并为后续研究提供了建议。 关键词：蒸汽压缩式低环温热泵；结构要素；（火积）耗散；缓冲结构 Instrumental elements in vapour compression air source heat pump systems: A brief overview Abstract: Although a number of research groups have reported several literature reviews on vapour-compression heat-pump (VCHP) systems in cold regions in last decade, there have been few studies analysing the different instrumental elements and/or configurations within a VCHP system to achieve a better understanding of its development. In this review article, three elements in VCHP, including dual/multi-stage compression, dual/multi-stage throttling, and ejecting throttling are discussed based on entransy dissipation (ED) theory. Meanwhile, the buffer loop/pool acts as a thermodynamic stabiliser in a cascade vapour-compression system with method of non-equilibrium thermodynamics. Finally, the connection between heating performances improvements and entransy dissipation recovery of each type of VCASHP system are summarised and connected to the properties of the aforementioned elements, and some suggestions for further progress in this field are provided. Key words: Vapour-compression heat-pump; instrumental elements and/or configurations; entransy dissipation; buffer loop/pool 0 引言 目前建筑能耗占社会总能耗的比例已达1/3，其CO 排放量占总排放量 （CO ）的1/3； 2 2 其中，约有1/2 的建筑能耗用于供暖和生活热水供应[1, 2] 。面对日益严峻的能源环境问题， 在最近20 年里，越来越多的人认为，蒸汽压缩式热泵终将取代化石燃料燃烧供热。目前， * 王吉进，男，1993 年3 月生，博士在读 通讯地址：150000 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区黄河路73 号