水润滑陶瓷滑动轴承研究综述-白城师范学院.doc

水润滑陶瓷滑动轴承研究综述 王蕴1 刘峰2 (1.白城师范学院机械电子工程系，吉林 白城 137000 2.天津大学机械工程学院,天津 300072) 摘要：现行的滑动轴承多为油基滑动轴承，但是由于矿物油严重的污染问题，不符合工业界绿色制造的趋势。水作为一种资源丰富、低成本、无污染的润滑介质，可以和具有独特性能的陶瓷材料组成水润滑陶瓷滑动轴承，以独特的优势应用于工业界。本文通过对水润滑陶瓷滑动轴承研究情况的总结，首先介绍了水作为润滑剂的特性，其次分析了当用作水润滑轴承时不同陶瓷材料的摩擦磨损特性，最后重点讨论了水的改性、轴承润滑方式的选择、轴承设计方法、制造及试验等水润滑陶瓷滑动轴承关键技术，期望上述研究工作促进水润滑陶瓷滑动轴承进一步发展。 关键词：水润滑，轴承，绿色制造，润滑剂 中图分类号：TH133.31; TH117 AN OVERVIEW OF WATER-LUBRICATED CERAMIC BEARINGS WANG Yun1 WANG Zhan Bin2 WEI Jian Hua2 （1.Department of Mechanical Electrical Engineering,BaiCheng BaiCheng, JiLin 137000 China 2.School of Mechanical Engineering,Tianjin University 300072 China ） The State Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China Abstract: Bearings are normally lubricated with oil-based lubricants, which are not considered environmentally-friendly in green manufacturing. Water, one of the abundant resources, can be used as a lubricant in industry. However, due to its physical and chemical properties, there are advantages and limitations in water-lubricated ceramic bearings. This paper reports a review of the published research works on water-lubricated bearings. We have compared water as a lubricant with others. We also have compared the wear mechanisms/behaviors and applications of these bearings made of different ceramic materials. Finally, we have highlighted the improvements of water, the selections of bearing materials and lubricating modes, the methods for new design of the water-lubricated bearings and the critical issues in manufacturing of these bearings, which are wished to be helpful for development of water-lubricated ceramic bearings. Keywords: Water-Lubricated, Bearings, Green Manufacturing, Lubricant 1．绪论 近年来，液浮滑动轴承作为高精密主轴的关键技术受到广泛的关注。但是对于传统的滑动轴承摩擦副，由于润滑油粘度较高，并且在高速回转时由于发热大，导致机床热稳定性变差，因此使得油润滑滑动轴承不适合应用于高精密技术领域。而理论上来讲，同种工况下如果高速轴承采用低粘度的水来润滑，摩擦副发热则会比较小；并且水本身所固有的清洁性和阻燃性能够满足现代社会对工程技术的安全性、环境友好性要求，它具备作为矿物油低成本的替代品的潜力。现在，水润滑滑动轴承逐渐成为当今精密加工行业的一大前沿研究课题[1]