毕业论文：《阿司匹林的合成、表征及含量测定》.docVIP

阿司匹林的合成、表征及含量测定 摘 要 1. 中文摘要 医药上阿司匹林(aspirin)即乙酰水杨酸(acetylsalicylic acid),又称水杨酸乙酸脂(salicylic acid acetate.), 是一种非常普遍的治疗感冒的药物, 有解热止痛的作用,同时还可软化血管. 阿司匹林的历史最早追溯于18世纪。 首先发现柳树皮的提取物是一种强效的止痛退热及抗炎消肿药，不久就分离、鉴定了其中的有效成分为水杨酸，随后用化学方法大规模生产，供医用。但后来发现它的酸性强，严重刺激口腔，食道及胃壁黏膜，故试图改进。先制成水杨酸钠试用，发现虽然改善了它的酸性和刺激性，但却具有令人不愉快的甜味，大多数患者不愿意服用。18世纪末，合成了乙酰水杨酸，既保持了水杨酸钠的药效，又降低了刺激性，口味好。Bayer公司将它的这个新产品称作aspirin。Aspirin的产生历史是目前使用的许多药品的典型，即开始都以植物的粗提取物或民间药物的出现，再由化学家分离出其中的活性成分，测定结构并加以改造，结果才变成比原来更好的药物。 为了对阿司匹林有更进一步的了解.我们进行了阿司匹林的合成制备实验:在浓硫酸介质中，水杨酸和乙酸酐发生乙酰化反应生成乙酰水杨酸,副产品可用饱和的碳酸氢钠溶液洗涤以及乙酸乙酯重结晶除去. 同时乙酰水杨酸又具有一系列特殊结构.在红外谱图中可出现多个特征振动频率.比较产品和标准的红外谱图,同时结合产品的熔点,可对合成的产品进行鉴定. 除此之外,我们还用酸碱滴定测定产品的含量,并结合紫外分光度法对产品进行含量的分析. 2.关 键 字 阿司匹林, 合成,, 鉴定, 含量测定 Abstract: This medicine aspirin (aspirin) or aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), also known as salicylic acid acetate (salicylic acid acetate.), Is a very common treatment for cold medicines, hasantipyretic analgesic effect, but can also soften the blood vessels. The earliest history of aspirin back in the 18th century.First found in willow bark extract is a potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory swelling drug fever, and soon were isolated and identified the active ingredient of which is salicylic acid, followed by large-scale production by chemical methods for the medical.Acid but found it strong, severe irritation in the mouth, esophagus and gastric mucosa, it is trying to improve.Sodium salicylate into the first trial, found that while improved its acidic and pungent, but sweet with the unpleasant, most patients do not want to take it.18th century, the synthesis of acetylsalicylic acid, while maintaining the efficacy of sodium salicylate, but also reduce the irritation, taste good.Bayer, its this new product called aspirin.Aspirin use the production history is typical of many drugs, which were started in the plant crude extract or the appearance of folk medicine, and then isolated by the