聊城大学外国语学院美国文学史与选读课件 Lecture6.ppt

Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864) Nathaniel Hawthorne Life of Hawthorne born in 1804 as Nathaniel Hathorne in a downfallen puritan family in Salem, Massachusetts Orphaned at 4 by his father’s death changing his name to “Hawthorne to dissociate from relatives including John Hathorne, one of three judges during the Salem Witch Trials in 1692 The House of Seven Gables (1851) about John Hathorne his college classmates including future president Franklin Pierce and future poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow working at a Custom House through Franklin Pierce The Scarlet Letter ( died on May 19, 1864, leaving behind his wife and their three children The House of Seven Gables The House of the Seven Gables in Salem, Massachusetts Detroit Publishing Company Photograph Collection ?, Library of Congress Custom HouseSalem, Massachusetts Custom House 1819 Salem, Massachusetts The Scarlet Letter The Scarlet Letter, painting by T. H. Matteson This 1860 oil-on-canvas was made under Hawthornes personal supervision Dr. Neil K. Fitzgerald retains all rights to reproduce this image Nathaniel Hawthorne Major works of Hawthorne The House of Seven Gables (1851) The Scarlet Letter (1850) Twice-Told Tales (1837) The Minister’s Black Veil (from Twice-Told Tales) Rappaccini’s Daughter (from Mosses from an Old Manse, 1846) Nathaniel Hawthorne Literary features of Hawthorne Psychological analysis novel Poe: subconscious, even abnomal psyches; crime and terro VS Hawthorne: sin against religion and morality, and its influence on the criminal; internal conflict, psychological changes and their influences Poe: novel not sermonic or preaching; novel’s desired effect is the terror of the soul VS Hawthorne: not only psychological analysis, but also novels dealing with morality, ethics, society and history The depth of human soul and human soul’s dark side (dark Romanticism) Puritanism Ambiguous attitude toward puritanism Religious suppression on human minds. Nathaniel Hawthorne