太阳能光照数据 世界各地光照强度.doc

What is solar insolation?The amount of electromagnetic energy (solar radiation) incident on the surface of the earth. Basically that means how much sunlight is shining down on us.Why is knowing the insolation level useful?By knowing the insolation levels of a particular region we can determine the size of solar collector that is required. An area with poor insolation levels will need a larger collector than an area with high insolation levels. Once you know your regions insolation level you can more accurately calculate collector size and energy output. What units are used to express Insolation levels?The values are generally expressed in kWh/m2/day. This is the amount of solar energy that strikes a square metre of the earths surface in a single day. Of course this value is averaged to account for differences in the days length. There are several units that are used throughout the world. The conversions based on surface area as follows:1 kWh/m2/day = 317.1 btu/ft2/day = 3.6MJ/m2/dayThe raw energy conversions are:1kWh = 3412 Btu = 3.6MJ = 859.8kcalIs my regions insolation level low, moderate or high?The following scale is a basic guide for insolation levels. Although a value of 5 is not considered very high during the summer months, as an average annual value this is very high. You will see that in central Australia, which is a hot, sunny place, the annual average insolation is 5.89. You may compare you location to the following two extreme locations.Average annual insolation levels:Central Australia = 5.89 kWh/m2/day - Very HighHelsinki, Finland = 2.41 kWh/m Now I know my insolation level, how do I calculate my collectors size? When determining what size collector you need, you must consider two key factors: insolation level and energy requirements. Energy requirement will usually take into consideration the volume of water and rise in temperature required. Once you know these factors you can determine the size collector you require. The bigge