大型甲醇合成反应器工况的数值分析.docxVIP

文章编号：1003-9015(2006)03-0489-05大型甲醇合成反应器工况的数值分析石玉千, 文章编号：1003-9015(2006)03-0489-05 大型甲醇合成反应器工况的数值分析 石玉千, 李 涛, 应卫勇, 房鼎业 (华东理工大学 化工学院, 上海 200237) 摘 要：年产 40 万吨甲醇合成反应器由两个绝热-管壳复合型反应器并联组成，并共用一个汽包。以 CO、CO2 加氢合 成甲醇的两个平行反应为独立反应，CO 和 CO2 为关键组分建立一维拟均相数学模型，用龙格-库塔法求解，获得催化 床内各组分的摩尔分率和床层温度随轴向的分布。针对以天然气为原料的甲醇生产装置，模拟计算了各操作参数，如 沸腾水压力和温度、操作压力，对反应器性能的影响，讨论了催化剂不同时期的反应器操作条件。此模型计算预测值 与实际生产数据吻合良好。 关键词：绝热-管壳催化床；甲醇合成；反应器；数学模型；工况分析 中图分类号：TQ031.2；TQ223.121；TQ018 文献标识码：A Simulation and Analysis of the Operating Conditions of Methanol Synthesis Converter SHI Yu-qian, LI Tao, YING Wei-yong, FANG Ding-ye (College of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China) Abstract: The 4×105t?y?1 methanol synthesis converter is composed of two parallel adiabatic and tube-shell reactors. An one-dimensional pseudo-homogenous model of converter was developed with hydrogenations of CO and CO2 as the independent reactions as well as CO and CO2 as the key components, and the model was solved by Rung-Kutta method to obtain the axial profiles of temperature and gaseous concentration in the bed. The effects of operating conditions, such as the boiling water temperature and the operating pressure, on the performance of the methanol synthesis converter with the natural gas as raw material were discussed. A stable productivity can be maintained by adjusting the main operating conditions mentioned above in different period. The predicted values of the temperature distribution along the axial position and the yield are almost the same as the practical data obtained from an operating 1×105 t?y?1 converter in a factory. Key words: adiabatic and tube-shell catalytic bed; methanol synthesis; reactor; mathematical model; simulation analysis 1 前 言 甲醇不仅是重要的有机化工原料，还是性能优良的能源和车用燃料[1]。同时随着石油资源的不断开 采和利用，以煤、天然气为原料，由甲醇制烯烃的工艺路线越来越显示出重要性[1,2]。甲醇的生产正朝着 大型化、单系列、低压法方向发展。ICI 多段绝热段间冷激型[3]、Lurgi 管壳副产蒸汽型[4]、Casale 轴径向 流动型[5]、 Linde 副产蒸汽型[6]等多种形式的反应器均可实现大型化生产，其中 Lurgi 公司提出的超大型