年产20万吨甲醇制二甲醚工艺设计.doc

毕 业 设 计 题 目： 年产20万吨甲醇制二甲醚工艺设计 学 院： 化学与材料工程学院 专 业： 化学工程与工艺 姓 名： 学 号： 完成时间： 2014.3.25—2014.5.20 PAGE \* MERGEFORMATII 设计说明 作为液化石油气（LPG）和石油类的替代燃料，目前二甲醚（DME）倍受注目。DME是具有与LPG的物理性质相类似的化学品，在燃烧时不会产生破坏环境的气体，能便宜而大量地生产。与甲烷一样，被期望成为21世纪的能源之一。目前生产的二甲醚基本上由甲醇脱水制得，即先合成甲醇，然后经甲醇脱水制成二甲醚。甲醇脱水制二甲醚分为液相法和气相法两种工艺，本设计采用气相法制备二甲醚工艺。将甲醇加热蒸发，甲醇蒸气通过γ-AL2O3催化剂床层,气相甲醇脱水制得二甲醚。气相法的工艺过程主要由甲醇加热、蒸发、甲醇脱水、二甲醚冷凝及精馏等组成。 甲醇气相法合成二甲醚是目前国内外二甲醚生产的主要工艺，该法以精甲醇为原料，脱水反 脱水和二甲醚精馏等工艺。目前国外公布的大型二甲醚建设项目绝大多数采用两步法工艺技术，说明甲醇气相法有较强的综合竞争力。 关键词：二甲醚，甲醇，工艺设计 河南城建学院本科毕业设计 STYLEREF 标题 1 \* MERGEFORMAT Design specification Design specification As LPG and oil alternative fuel, DME has drawn attentions at present. Physical properties of DME is similar for LPG, and don’t produce combustion gas to damage the environment, so, It can be produced largely. Like methane, DME is expected to become 21st century energy resources, DME is prepared by methanol dehydration, namely, synthetic methanol first and then methanol dehydration to dimethyl etherby methanol dehydration. Methanol dehydration to DME is divided into two kinds of liquid phase and gas-phase process. This design uses a process gas of dimethyl ether prepared by dimethyl. Heating methanol to evaporation, methanol vapor through the γ-Al2O3 catalyst bed, vapor methanol dehydration to dimethyl etherby[2]. ?This process is made of methanol process heating, evaporation, dehydration of methanol, dimethyl ether condensation and distillation etc. Methanol gas phase method synthesis of dimethyl ether is at home and abroad and dimethyl ether, the main technology of production with fine methanol as raw materials, dehydrated, reaction by-products less, dimethyl ether purity of 99.9%, the craft is mature, the device wide adaptability, simple post-treatment, can be directly built in methanol production factory, also ca