应用商务统计学讲义第一章中英文对照版.pdfVIP

LLL Ch0: First Things First and Ch1: Defining and collecting data Learning Objectives • What is Statistics?什么是统计学 • Basic concepts in Statistics 统计学中的基本概念 – Data, variable, population, sample, parameter, statistic, etc… – 数据、变量、人口样本统计量、参数，等等…… • Data/variable types 数据/变量类型 • How to collect data如何收集数据 • The different ways to collect a sample收集样本的不同方 法 • The types of survey errors调查误差的类型 1 LLL What is Statistics? • Statistics refers to methods that help transform data into useful information for decision makers. • 统计指的是帮助决策者将数据转化为有用信息的方法。 • Statistics is a way of thinking that can lead to better decisions. • 统计是一种可以带来更好决策的思维方式。 2 LLL Why Statistics? • In today’s digital world ever increasing amounts of data are gathered, stored, reported on, and available for further study. – Business information systems •在当今的数字世界中，越来越多的数据被收集、存储、报告，并可供进一步研究。 -商业信息系统 • You hear the word data everywhere. • 你到处都听到“数据”这个词。 • Data are facts about the world and are constantly reported by an ever increasing number of sources. • 数据是关于世界的事实，并且不断地被越来越多的来源所报道。 3 LLL To Properly Apply Statistics You Should Follow A Framework To Minimize Possible Errors 为了正确地应用统计数据，您应该遵循一个框架，以尽量减少可能出现的错误。 In this course we will use DCOVA – Define the data you want to study in order to solve a problem or meet an objective – Collect