滴灌量及施氮量对冬小麦生理生态特征的影响研究作物栽培学与耕作学专业论文.docxVIP

Effect Effect of Irrigation Amount and Nitrogen Levels on the Physiological and Ecological Characteristics of Winter Wheat under Drip Irrigation Abstract In allusion to the problems of drip irrigation and fertilized quantities in north of Xini iang．three dif诧rent amount of drip irrigation were conducted 3 000 m3·hal(treatment A，1’A)，3 750 m3．hal(treatment B，TB)，4 500 m3·ha-1(treatment C，TC)by using ofrandomized block experimental design after winter wheat reviving stage in 2013，and the growth，photosynthesis characteristics and dry matter accumulation，yield and microclimate of winter wheat were observed．Next ye甄the field experiment of four different nitrogen levels of0 kg．ha-1㈣)，104 kg．ha_1(N1)，173 kg．ha．1(N2)and 242 kg-ha-1㈣)were designed at the foundation of the best irrigation quantity last year to further study effects of di虢rent amount of nitrogen winter wheat growth and development，nutdent accumulation and yield，which aim to provide theoretical basis and technical support for winter wheat cultivation of high yield and water, fertilizer saving．The main results follow： 1．With the increasing of drip irrigation the transpiration rate of difrerent treatments were increased significantly,and the net photosynthetic rate was improved along with increase irrigation appropriately but little when continued to increase irrigation．The water efficiency of single leaf was the highest in TB． followed by TA and TC during all growth period．The total dry matter accumulation showed a“S”curve， and the duration of rapid growth in dry matter accumulation in TB and TA were extended 3d and 1 d when compared with TA．respectively,then decreased in the maximum eigenvalue of speed．The 1 000．grain weight were 47．19 g．48．98 and 50．86 g under different treatments，the duration ofgrain filling delayed 3 to 7 days．The yield of TB was 20．55％and 6．86％higher than that in TA and TC．and irrigation water e伍ciency(IWI JE)of TB was 1 8．99％higher than TC． 2．The soil temperature cooling effects were enh