基于DEA的中国地区物流效率研究.pdfVIP

基于DEA的中国地区物流效率研究 物流经济 基于DEA的中国地区物流效率研究 文/高腾 摘要：本文用各省市物流固定资产投资及劳动力作为投入变量,用旅客周转量和货物周转量作为产出，利用DEA方法分析我国物流 效率。结果发现我国物流规模效率相对较高，绝大多数省市处于规模报酬递增阶段，纯技术效率偏低，导致物流技术效率较低。经济发 达地区与欠发达地区物流效率相差不大,经济发展水平与物流效率无关。我国物流效率低下的主要原因是管理问题，应在注重提高物 流技术进步的基础上改进管理，优化物流资源配置。 关键词：物流；技术效率;规模效率 中图分类号：F252.5文献标识码：A 文章编号:1005-6432(2008)06-0074-03 Study on L ogistics E fficiency in C hin a B ased on D E A Gao Teng (Yunnan Hongj i Rock Engineering Co.,LTD.) Abstract: My paper has analyzed logistics efficiency in China based on DEA applying the fixed assets investment and working forces in the cities and provinces concerned in this study as input variables and turnovers of tourists and goods as outputs. As a result, I have found that in China logistics scale efficiency is comparatively high; the maj ority of domestic areas are undergoing a process of increasingly growing scale rewards; low efficiency of pure technology results in low efficiency of the technology applied in logistics; the differences are slight about the efficiency in developed and less developed areas; and the level of economic development has no impact on logistics efficiency. The main reason for the low efficiency in logistics lies in management . Management and resources should be improved on the basis of technological improvement. Key Words: distribution; technological efficiency; scale efficiency 一、引言 二、研究方法 物流是人类赖以生存和发展的基础，物流水平已成为一个 DEA是一种测算具有相同类型投入和产出的若干系统或 国家或地区综合实力的重要标志。我国物流水平与国外发达国 部门（Decision Making Unit，DMU）相对效率的有效方法。 家还存在着较大差距，进行物流效率评价，有利于加快技术进 其实质是根据一组关于输入输出的观察值，采用数学规划模 步，改善管理，合理配置资源，减少浪费，促进我国物流健康可 型，来估计有效生产的前沿面，再将各DMU与此前沿做比较， 持续发展。 进而衡量效率。DEA还可以判断各个DMU的投入规模的适合 物流效率是物流投入与物流产出之比，包括宏观物流效 程度，给出各DMU调整其投入规模的方向和程度。DEA方