生产运作分析.doc

名词解释 1.assembly to order订货组装 first produce semi-finished products (parts and components) in advance, then assemble them into different products according to customer order. e.g. automobile manufacturing. 2.Make to order 订货制造 all products have been designed in advance， then according to customer orders, buy raw materials，parts and components, and then manufacture and assembly them into products the customer requires. 3.Engineer to order: 订货工程 first design products according to customer’s requirement after receiving order, then purchase, and then make them. long production cycle pay more attention to reducing design cycle standard and general parts should be used as much as possible, using CAD, CAPP、CAE、CAM. 4.Principle of process specialization 工艺专业化原则 organize the production units according to a production process kind. Within one production unit: the same type of workers complete the same processes using the same type equipments. 5.Group technology 成组技术 allocate different equipments into a production cell to work on a product family that have similar shapes and process requirements. 6.Product Life Cycle 产品寿命周期 the time duration from the time when a product is put into market to time when it disappear in the market; 7.The Process Life Cycle 过程寿命周期 three major stages of the manufacturing process life cycle. Early stage、 Middle stage 、Last stage . 8.Aggregate planning 总合计划 Aggregate planning, which might also be called macro production planning, addresses the problem of deciding how many employees the firm should retain and, for a manufacturing firm, the quantity and the mix of products to be produced. Aggregate planning methodology is designed to translate demand forecasts into a blueprint for planning staffing and production levels for the firm over a predetermined planning horizon. 9.Inventory 库存 Inventory is the stock of any item or resource used in an organization. 10.MRP (Materials Requirements Planning) ? MRP is the basic process of translating a producti