科技论文中的时态(精品·公开课件).ppt

a bad news a good news Bad news:Tense english (l6种) 9. the past future tense 一般过去将来时 10. the present continuous tense 现在进行时 11. the future perfect tense 将来完成时 12.the past future perfect tense 过去将来完成时 13. the present perfect continuous tense 现在完成进行时 14.the past perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时 15. the future perfect continuous tense 将来完成进行时 16.the past future perfect continuous tense 过去将来完成进行时 good news In scientific paper writing ,there are only two kinds of tense ---the present tense and the past tense being used frequently .Sometimes ,you will say hi to the the future tense , the Present Perfect Tense( 现在完成时) and the Past Perfect Tense (过去完成时). 但在英语科技论文中用得较为频繁的只有两种：即一般现在时和一般过去时。现在完成时、过去完成时和一般将来时有时也会用到。 something important in textbook(p191~193) 1. whenever you state previously published findings,ethics requirres you to treat the work with respect.you do this by using the present tense. because when a scientific paper has validly published in a primary journal ,it thereby becomes knowledge. when you are referring to established knowledge you would do this just as you would say The Earth is round. 1.2 but if previously published results have been poven false by later experiments,the use of past rather than present tense would be appropriate. 例子：Nineteenth-century physicians held that women got migraines（偏头痛） because they were the weaker , but current research shows that the causes of migraine are unrelated to gender. 2. Your own present work must be referred to in the past tense . Your work is not presumed to be established knowledge until after it has been published . Tense in IMRAD 1.Most of the Abstract should be in the past tense ,because you are referring to your own present results. Likewise, the Materials and Methods and Results shoud be in the past tense ,as you described what you did and what