常见的人体解剖及循环系统.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * Semilunar valves * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Great Cardiac Vein The coronary vein is often referred to as the great cardiac vein of the heart. It is a large vein with two branches, the left coronary vein and the right coronary vein. The vein commences at the tip (apex) of the heart and ascends along the heart to the base of the ventricles. It then curves left to the back part of the heart and opens into the left coronary sinus, which is about 1 inch (2.54 centimeters) in length and terminates in the right atrium near the inferior vena cava. coronary sinus orifice (anatomy) The coronary sinus orifice of the right atrium is the aperture through which most of the venous drainage of the heart is returned to the circulation by the coronary sinus. It is sited in the medial part of the sinus venarum anteromedial to the valve of the inferior vena cava. Anteroinferior to its lies the tricuspid orifice. The inferior margin of the coronary sinus is lined by a thin sheet of semi-circular endocardium: the valve of the coronary sinus. The valve drops across the coronary sinus orifice whenever the pressure in the right atrium exceeds that in the vein i.e. during atrial contraction. * * 上肢 动脉系统 上肢 静脉系统 动脉硬化 异常 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm 腹主动脉瘤 异常: Collateral Circulation侧枝循环 Collateral Circulation侧枝循环 异常: 异常: 夹层 异常: Fibro Muscular Dysplasia 肌纤维发育不良 异常: Aneurysm 动脉瘤 异常: Thrombosis 血栓形成 异常: Occlusion 闭塞 异常Abnormalities: Occlusion闭塞 Post Stent支架术后 异常: Atherosclerosis 动脉硬化 Stenosis狭窄 异常: Plaque斑块 Stenosis狭窄 异常: 非中心性动脉硬化斑块 异常: 股浅动脉 动脉硬化 * * * * * * * * * * * * The Cardio vascular system is comprised of 3 components: The Blood – The connecting substance, reaches every body cell. % liters, flow in a closed system. Pipes – the blood vessels. A closed system with the heart in its center. The vessels comprised of 3 layers: Tunica intima - Single layer of Epithel, Tunica Media – ELastic fibers and visceral muscles Tunica Externa – fibrous connec