高中英语 句子成分分析(共29张).pptVIP

句子成分分析 句子成分(constituent of a sentence) 主语 谓语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语 * 同位语 subject predicate object predicative attribute adverbial complement appositive 1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday. ↓ 主语 ↓ 谓 语 ↓ 定语 ↓ 宾 语 ↓ 同位语 ↓ 状 语 句子成分 英文名 说明 常用词类 例句 主语 subject 句子主体（人或事物） 名词、代词,动名词,不定式,从句等 I am a student. 谓语 predicate 主语的动作或状态 动词 You read the book. 表语 predicative 放在连系动词后表示主语的身份或特征或状态。 名词、代词、形容词,动名词,分词,不定式,介词短语,从句等 She is a teacher. 宾语 object 动作的对象，承受者 及物动词后 名词、代词,动名词,不定式,从句等 Mike did the job. 定语 attribute 限定或修饰名词、代词等 形容词,动名词,分词不定式,介词短语,从句等 The black dog barks. 状语 adverbial 修饰动词，形容词，副词，句子，表示说明时间，地点，原因，目的，结果，条件，方向，程度，方式，伴随状况等 副词,形容词,分词,不定式,介词短语,从句等 Run quickly. 句子成分 英文名 说明 常用词类 例句 宾/主语补足语 complement 对宾、主语进行补充说明，与宾语一起构成复合宾语。 名词、形容词,分词,不定式介词短语等 I find the book very boring. He was made monitor. 同位语 appositive 对前面的名词或代词做进一步解释。 名词、数词、代词或从句 This is Mr. Li, our headmaster. The news that he is ill worries us. 独立成分 Independent elements 与全句没有什么语法关系，有感叹词、肯定与否定的答语、插入语、呼语等 感叹词副词短语 Oh, hello, I think, to tell you the truth, Mr. Li, Your Majesty, Mum. Yes, no ㈠主语subject Jane is good at playing the piano. She went out in a hurry. Four plus four is eight. To see is to believe. Smoking is bad for health. The young should respect the old. What he has said is true. ㈡谓语predicate 简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成 I saw the flag on the top of the hill? He looked after two orphans. 复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词; He can speak English well. ㈢表语 predicative 在系动词后的部分就是表语 常见的系动词有: be(am,is,are,were,was),appear,seem, feel,smell,taste,sound, look, get,grow, keep,turn,become,come,go ,etc. 系动词不用于被动语态. The apple tastes sweet. The war was over. They seem to know the truth. Time is precious. I’m not quite myself today. Who was the first? He is out of condition. The book is what I need. ㈣宾语object 宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人. He gave me some books. ↓ 间接 宾语 ↓ 直接 宾语 ●.please pass me the book. ●.He bought me some flowers. ●I like my job. ●I love you. ●He wanted to leave here. ●They enjoyed playing computer games. 温馨提示：间接宾