（人教版新课标）中学英语常见构词法(精编 教材常见单词).docVIP

PAGE6 / NUMPAGES6 中 学 英 语 常 见 构 词 法 派生法：由词根(stems)加前缀(prefixes)和后缀(suffixes)构成新词。 一. 前缀 　a-(形容词;副词)：almost, awake, aloud, alone, asleep, abroad, alive, arise, 　co-(共同)：co-exist, co-operate, co-operation 　over-(过于)：overcome, oversleep, overnight 　anti-(反,防)：anti-tank, anti-war 　re-(重复;再)：reusable, recycle, recall, rebuild, return, redesign, remarry, rewrite, retell, reopen 　super-(超级,上层)：superstar, superman, supermarket, superhero 　tele-(远程)：telephone, telegraph, telescope(望远镜) 　mis-(误)：mistake, misunderstand(误会) 　en-(使可能)：encourage, enable(使成为可能) 　dis-(否定)：disappear, disagree, disappoint, dishonest, dislike, discover, discourage 　in-/il-/im-/ir-(不;非)：inside, impolite, impolitely, impossible, imoveable, independent, independence, irregular, irresponsible, indirect, incomplete, invisible(看不见的),illogical(不合逻辑的), illegal(非法的), 　un-/non-(不;非)：uncomfortable, uncrowed, uneasy, unexpected, unbelievable, unknown, unusual, unusually, unuse, unuseful, unusefully, unfair, unfairness, unluck, unlucky, unluckily, unable, unhappy, unfit, non-conductor(非导体), non-sense, 二. 名词后缀 -er(…者)：customer, leader, manager, officer, partner, ruler, stranger, climber, keeper, maker, owner, banker, reporter, teenager, winner, foreigner, thinker, swimmer, traveller, worker, teacher, reader, listener, speaker, cleaner, helper, waiter, player, singer, dancer, driver, writer, runner, beginner, passenger, lover, skier, murderer, learner, printer, researcher, Londoner, New Yorker -or(器具;…者)：actor, competitor, visitor, professor, doctor, director, collector, instructor(教员) 备注一：通常加“-er/-or ”多为“男性”,加“-ess”多为“女性” waiter男招待, waitress女服务员, actor男演员, actress女演员, lawyer律师, lawyeress女律师, prince王子, princess 公主 备注二：从主动,被动上来看,加“-er\-or”为主动,加“-ee ”为被动 examiner 主考人,监考员 examinee 参加考试者,受试人(被监考者) employer 雇主(雇佣别人) employee雇员(被雇佣) interviewer会见者 interviewee 被接见者,被访问者 -ese(…地方的人)：Chinese, Japanese -ian(精通…的人;…地方的人)：musician, magician, historian, physician, technician -ist(专业人员)：a