主机废气涡轮增压器析及其防喘振控制的设计.doc

内容摘要 摘要：船用柴油机增压器采用废气涡轮增压的方法，增加了柴油机的进气量，使柴油机的工作过程得到改善，燃油消耗下降，经济性提高。因此，其工况好坏直接影响柴油机的工作。当增压器发生喘振，不但无法达到预期的增压比，而且会造成机损事故。所以，防止喘振的发生及其重要。 本文对“育鲲”轮上的船用二冲程机轴流式定压涡轮增压器及其喘振作了研究。 首先，本文介绍了NA40/S型涡轮增压器的工作原理，并阐述了其特点。 然后，阐述了涡轮增压器喘振的机理，并列出了影响“育鲲”轮上的增压器喘振的因素。接着，分析其喘振发生的具体原因和解决方法。设置了NA40/S型增压器喘振故障的排除程序。 最后，文章对NA40/S型增压器的防喘振控制进行了设计。提出了三种方案并分析了其优缺点，选取了最适宜的方案，并对其具体的控制进行了设计。 关键词：柴油机； 增压器； 喘振 ABSTRACT: The turbocharger of diesel engine adopt the method of supercharging to increase the quantity of the inlet gas ,improve the working process of diesel engine , reduce the consume of the fuel oil and raise the economical efficiency . So , the working condition directly influence the working of diesel engine . When the turbocharger is surging , it not only can’t get the compress ratio , but also will make the machine broken accident . As a result , preventing the is very important . This paper make a research to the turbocharger and surge on “yukun” ship . First，this paper introduce the NA40/S turbocharger principle of work and expound its characteristic . Then，expound the turbocharger mechanism , and list the affecting factor of the surge on “yukun” . After that , analyze the reason of surge and resolvent . Set the exclude procedures of the NA40/S turbocharger error . At last , this paper design the controlling of preventing the surge of NA40/S turbocharger . Propose three program and analyze their advantage and fault . Choose the best program and design the material control . Keyword: diesel engine turbocharger surge 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc262650760 1“育鲲”轮废气涡轮增压器工作原理与特点 PAGEREF _Toc262650760 \h 6 HYPERLINK \l _Toc262650761 1.1增压器工作原理 PAGEREF _Toc262650761 \h 7 HYPERLINK \l _Toc262650762 1.2 NA40/S型增压器的主要特点 PAGEREF _Toc262650762 \h 7 HYPERLINK \l _Toc262650763 1.2.1滑油系统 PAGEREF _Toc262650763 \h 7 HYPERLINK \l _Toc262650764 1.2.2密封空气系统 PAGEREF _Toc262650764 \h 8 HYPERLINK \l _Toc262650765 1.2.3Jet-Assist 加速系统 PAGEREF _Toc262650765 \