桥面排水系统毕业设计.doc

摘 要 随着我国公路建设里程和机动车保有量的持续增长，由公路交通引发的环境风险事件也随之增多，其中化学危险品运输车辆在跨越地表水体路段可能发生的泄漏事故对环境的影响引起了人们广泛的关注。另外，国内外关于径流污染的部分研究结果表明，初期降雨径流的污染物浓度要高于后期,这一现象称为初期冲刷效应，因此初期雨水中含有的污染物量占整个降雨径流含有的污染物量的绝大部分。若初期雨水直接排放至敏感水域会对水体造成严重的污染和破坏，甚至会破坏水体原有生态功能。 目前在公路交通环境保护领域，由于危险品运输车辆发生事故导致的化学危险品事故径流及降雨形成的初期雨水进入敏感水体已经引起了相关部门的广泛关注。因此，对跨越敏感水体的桥梁设计桥面径流收集系统已经成为公路环境保护设计不可或缺的一个领域。 本文研究了宁波绕城公路奉化江大桥路段的桥面排水系统的设计，内容包括桥面排水管道和雨水径流储存池的设计及计算。桥面排水管道设计基于雨水管道极限强度理论，按照满流计算，通过MATLAB软件编写程序进行水力计算，计算出的管径分别为160mm和200mm。根据查询国内外的相关文献资料，本设计的径流储存池拟收集桥面初期6mm的雨水，根据集雨面积计算出储存池池容分别为25m3和60m3，并对设计结果利用CAD软件绘制图纸。 设计的桥面径流收集系统可实现在南塘河和奉化江水域路段妥善收集可能发生的化学危险品在泄漏事故径流，并且可实现对初期雨水径流收集并经简单沉淀处理后排放,可有效减少雨水径流对敏感水体的污染。据估算，本工程预计工程造价十八万元左右。 关键词：桥面排水系统，危险品泄漏，初期雨水，储存池，桥面径流 Abstract With our country highway construction course and vehicle inventory sustained growth, environmental risk events that lead by highway traffic are more and more,transport vehicle of chemical hazards may take place leakage accident on the highway where across the surface water, which has a very serious influence on environment and caused widespread concern. In addition,pollutant density of early rain runoff is higher than later period, this phenomenon is called the First Flush Effect. So contaminants of early rain runoff are the major parts in contaminants of rain run-off. If the early rain runoff directly emission to the sensitive area will seriously pollute and damage the water environment, even destroy the original water ecology function. In highway traffic environmental protection domain, transport vehicle of chemical hazards take place leakage accident and the early rain runoff discharge into surface water, which has aroused extensive concern in the relevant departments. Therefore, the design on bridge deck water runoff collection system cross the sensitive water has already become to a necessary domain in the highway environmental protection desing. This article studied bridge deck drainage system design of FengHua river bridge in Ningbo to circle the city road, which includ