计算流体力学-或怎样做一个又快又好的船外文翻译.docx

Computational Fluid Dynamics – or How to Make a Good Boat FastDavid VacantiThe term CFD is showing up more often these days in articles describing the design efforts used tomake Volvo 60 round the world racers and America’s Cup yachts faster. Computational Fluid Dynamics or CFD actually covers a great many engineering specialties and is not the sole domain of boat and ship design. In this article we will review what types of CFD products exist and hopefully provide some understanding of when and how CFD products are best suited to a project.Computational Fluid Dynamics is the application of computers to the modeling of fluid characteristics when either the fluid is in motion or when an object disturbs a fluid. A few examples of a fluid in motion are water or chemical flow in pipes, heating and ventilation systems conducting cooling, heating or fresh air supplies to a building. Fluids in motion also include flame and fire effects in combustion or jet engines. Surprised by these fields of interest?What about examples of an object disturbing a fluid? Examples include stirring paddles submerged in a tank of water and effluent in a waste treatment plant, aircraft of all kinds, cars and trucks at highway or racing speeds and even monohull sailboats, ship, multihull sailboats to name but a few.Obviously, an open mind is important when considering what constitutes a fluid. Fluids can exist in gaseous and liquid states and science has recently found that even some solids can exhibit fluid like characteristics under right conditions. Scientists have found that some of the most spectacular and deadly landslides or rock falls behave as a fluid while the mass of stone and soil or sand is in motion, only to return to a most decidedly solid form when the motion subsides.The general field of fluid dynamics differs from the field of boat design in one critical way. Only boat design deals with a vehicle passing through the two fluids of air and water simultaneously. Our atmosphere is