英语基础知识 语法系列 系统总结和练习 独立主格和w.docVIP

英语基础知识 语法系列 系统总结与练习 独立主格与w 引用 Arthur的英语基础知识(语法系列)系统总结与练习：独立主格与with的复合结构 独立主格 构成：名词(代词)+现在分词/过去分词/不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语构成。 独立主格结构的特点： 1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。 2)名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词等是主谓关系。 3)独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。 例如：Weather permitting,we are going to visit you tomorrow.=If the weather permits,we are going tovisit you tomorrow.天气允许，我们明天去看你。 The boy leading us,we got there easily.在小孩的带领下，我们很容易地到了那里。 The test finished,we began our holiday.=When the test was finished,we began our holiday.考试结束了，我们开始放假。 The president assassinated,the whole country was in deep sorrow.=After the president was assassinated,the whole country was in deep sorrow.总统被谋杀了，举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。 Work done,we went home.工作完成后，我们才回家。 Nothing to do,he lay down to sleep. This train left,the next to come an hour later.这趟车走了，下一趟要以小时后到来。 He came into the room,his face red with cold.他回到了房子里，耳朵冻得红通通的。 He came out of the library,a large book under his arm.他夹着本厚书，走出了图书馆 with的复合结构 构成：with+名词(代词)+现在分词/过去分词/不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语。 1、She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold.(with+名词+形容词，作伴随状语) 2、With the meal over，we all went home.(with+名词+副词，作时间状语) 3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。(with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。)The teacher entered the classroom with abook in his hand. 4、With no one to talk to,John felt miserable.由于没人可以说话的人，约翰感到很悲哀。(原因状语) With alot of work to do,he wasnt allowed to go out.因为还有很多工作要做，他没有被允许外出。(原因状语) He could not finish it without me to help him.(without+代词+不定式，作条件状语) 5、She fell asleep with the light burning.(with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语) Without anything left in the cupboard，she went out to get something to eat.(without+代词+过去分词，作为原因状语) 在句子中with结构多数充当状语，表示行为方式，伴随情况、时间、原因或条件(见上述例句)，With结构在句中也可以作定语。例如： 1.I like eating the mooncakes with eggs. 2.From space the earth looks like ahuge water-covered globe with afew patches of land sticking out above the water. 3.A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the house. 4.He saw abrook with flowers on both sides. 几点说明： 1.with结构在句子中的位置：