外国学生初级阶段汉字认知的研究及教学的设计.pdfVIP

外国学生初级阶段汉字认知研究及教学设计 摘 要 随着中国的国际地位的提高与影响力的增强，世界各国学习汉语的人数不断 增多，汉字的学习成为学生在汉语学习过程中的难点，尤其对于母语为拼音文字 的外国学生来说，汉字就像一幅幅神秘的图画。 如何提高学生的汉字学习效率 是本文的研究目的所在。 本文通过学生对26 个各类结构汉字的分解试验，了解学生在系统学习汉字 之前对汉字的直观印象；分列笔画教学和部件教学对照组，收集两个教学组在4 个月中的汉字书写作业，分析两个组在偏误类型上的差异，最后结合汉字本身的 结构特点，提出更符合学生母语特点和认知方式的汉字教学设计。 研究表明，学生在分解汉字和书写部件时，顽强地表现了拼音文字的认知特 点；接受不同汉字教学法的学生在偏误类型上有差异，但笔画偏误仍是其共同的 难点。 因此在初级阶段的汉字教学中，应当将部件教学法和笔画教学法结合起 来，培养其正确的汉字分解能力和准确的笔画书写技能，在一定数量的汉字的认 知基础上，理解和掌握汉字结构特点。 关键词：汉字认知，书写偏误，笔画教学法，部件教学法， 教学设计 A STUDY OF FOREIGN STUDENTS’ COGNITION OF CHINESE CHARACTER AND INSTRUCTION DESIGN ABSTRACT Nowadays the number of Chinese learners all over the world is keeping increasing with China’s development. Instruction of Chinese Character is an important part but a weakness part in teaching Chinese as Foreign language. Especially for the western students who live in non-Chinese Character Culture area, Chinese Character looks like a picture composed of lines and dots. The purpose of our research is to design a new and sufficient teaching method of Chinese Character for the western students to make their learning easier than before. Our research has three main parts: To survey how the students analyze 26 Chinese Characters in different structures, then we can know about their cognition of Chinese Characters before learning. To compare the effect of two education ways: Collect the Chinese Character’s writing materials of Strokes Instruction group and Radicals Instruction group in four months and analyze the differences between their errors. Combine Chinese Characters characteristics with the features of western students’ pattern recognition in their mother language. The result of our research shows that when the western students divided and write the Ch