《计算机科学导论》课件Unit 10教材课程.pptxVIP

Unit 10Software EngineeringOUTLINE10-1 Introduction10-2 Software Development Life Cycle10-3 Software Development Models10-4 CMMI and Software Process Management10-5 Importance of Documentation10-6 Service-Oriented Architecture10-7 References and Recommended Reading10-8 Key Terms10-9 Summary10-10 Practice SetRecognize the importance of documentation in software engineering and distinguish between user documentation, system documentation and technical documentation.Understand CMMI and software process management.Understand software development models, the waterfall, Incremental, prototyping, spiral, agile models.Understand basic concept of the Service-oriented architecture.Understand testing phase and distinguish between white-box testing and black-box testing.Understand the concept of the software life cycle in software engineering.OBJECTIVESAfter reading this chapter, you are supposed tobe able to :10-1 IntroductionSoftware crisisThe goals of software engineeringLifecycle of softwareCaused by rapid increase in the complexity of the large-scale softwareCaused by Limitation on time and budgetTherefore, in the late 1960s, the necessity of software engineering【软件工程】 emerged. Software engineering is the application of principles to obtain reliable software and to solve software crisis【软件危机】Software crisis10-2 Software Development Life Cycle(Four phases of SDLC)Analysis phaseDesign phaseImplementation phaseTesting phaseAnalysis phaseFirst development processA specification document is produced as a result of this phase.Two most common approaches : Procedure-oriented analysis Object-oriented analysis * Depends on the programming languageAnalysis phase(Procedure-oriented analysis)It is used when a procedural language is used in the implementation phase.Three most common modeling tools : Data Flow Diagram (DFD)【数据流】 Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD)【实体关系图】 State diagram【状态图】Analysis phase(Procedure-oriented analysis)DFDs show the data movement in the system.Right is a DFD e