第8章 电能储存技术知识 《可再生能源发电技术知识》课件.pptVIP

* Basic principle of batteries Classification of batteries Rechargeable Batteries 8.2 蓄电池储能 * 蓄电池类型 蓄电池电压/V 说明 铅酸电池 2.0 最经济实用 镍镉电池 1.2 具有记忆效应 镍氢电池 1.2 无镉，寿命长 锂离子电池 3.6 安全，没有锂金属 锂聚合物电池 3.6 无液态电解液 蓄电池放电时的平均电压 * Evolution of Batteries * 35 Wh/kg,150 W/kg,700 Cycles VALA Battery * VRLA Battery * VRLA Battery Advantages: Proven technology and mature manufacturing Low cost High cell voltage (2V) Good low- and high-temperature performances High energy efficiency (75-80%) Disadvantage: Low specific energy and specific power High self-discharging rate (1% per day at 25°C) Short cycle life (500-700) * Ni-Cd Battery 56 Wh/kg, 220 W/kg, 2000 Cycles Rapid recharge capability: 40% to 80% in 18 mins Carcinogenicity (致癌性) and environmental hazard of cadmium Memory effect * Ni-Zn Battery 60 Wh/kg, 150 W/kg, 300 Cycles High specific energy No toxicity Tolerance of overcharge and overdischarge Wide operating temperature range (-20-60°C) Short cycle life (300 cycles) * Ni-MH Battery 65 Wh/kg, 200 W/kg, 2000 Cycles 80％ in 15 mins High specific energy High initial cost 氢化金属 合金 * Zn/Air Battery 230 Wh/kg, 105 W/kg Mechanically refueled Within 10 mins High specific energy * Al/Air Battery 250 Wh/kg, 7 W/kg Mechanically refueled as range extender High specific energy Low specific power * Na/S Battery 100 Wh/kg, 200 W/kg, 600 Cycles 300~350 ℃ Need of thermal management Safety problem * Na/NiCl2 Battery 100 Wh/kg, 110 W/kg, 1000 Cycles 250~350 ℃ Higher cell voltage than Na/S Wider operating temperature than Na/S Safer products of reaction than Na/S More reliable and durable than Na/S * Li-Al/FeS2 Battery 180 Wh/kg, 400 W/kg, 1000 Cycles 375~450 ℃ * Li-Polymer Battery 155 Wh/kg, 315 W/kg, 600 Cycles Very low self-discharge, about 0.5% per month Solid electrolyte Weak low-temperature performance * Li-Ion Battery 130 Wh/kg, 250 W/kg, 1200 Cycles Co, Ni, Mn Target 3500 Cycles High voltage (4V) High self-discharge rate (10% per month) * Equivalent Circuit of Battery 蓄