讲义9结构调整,顺理成章.ppt

Translation of English for Science and Technology (EST) 结构调整 顺理成章 英汉语言有着不同的行文造句特点和表达习惯，因此在翻译时常常需要打破原文的句式结构，对译文进行结构调整，以符合汉语的表达习惯。英语的句式结构习惯于由点及面，由小到大，由近及远，由轻到重，由弱到强，而汉语恰恰相反。 结构调整 顺理成章 Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society? 美国知识分子遭到了社会的排斥，被认为无足轻重，这是真的吗? Father Bruckbergen told part of the story when he observed that it is the intellectuals who have rejected American. 当布鲁克伯根神父说，是知识分子拒绝了美国人民这番话的时候，他道出了事情的部分真相。 结构调整 顺理成章 I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in Socratic way about moral problems． 我会把知识分子定义为这样一种人：他们把以苏格拉底的方式来思考道德问题当作生活中的主要职责和乐趣。 (重组法，打破原文的框架结构重新组合。) 结构调整 顺理成章 ．．．finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained． 最后根据所获得的事实和道德信息，建议采取看来适当的行动。(逆序法，按汉语的逻辑关系调整语序。) 结构调整 顺理成章 …who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision． 他们必须承担揭示问题的责任，在推论过程中将早先导致做出决定的真相尽量明显地披露出来。(顺译法，大致按原文的语序译出。) 结构调整 顺理成章 ．．．he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems． 但是除了一些实际方面的问题之外，他们没有被赋予任何探讨任务。(逆序法，按汉语的逻辑关系调整语序。) 结构调整 顺理成章 …but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment． 但是他们中的大多数人对于所涉及的人的道德判断之类的问题很少或者根本没有经过独立的思考。(顺译法，大致按原文的语序译出。) 结构调整 顺理成章 Being learned in some branch of human knowledge is one thing, living in “public and illustrious thoughts”，as Emerson would say，is something else． 正如爱默生喜欢说的那样：精通人类某方面知识是一码事，但活在“公众杰出的思想”中永不磨灭则是另一码事。(拆分法，将as Emerson would say调整到句首。) 结构调整 顺理成章—方法 顺序法 逆序法 时序法 拆分法 重组法 结构调整 顺理成章—顺序法 In order to survive，to feed，clothe and shelter himself and his children，man is engaged in a constant struggle with nature． 为了生存，为了自己和子孙后代的衣食住行，人类和大自然不断进行斗争。 (保持原文结构顺序。) 结构调整 顺理成章—逆序法 为了表达的需要，有时候需要颠倒原文的顺序，将句首的内容安排到句尾，句尾的内容放到句首。 Furthermore