avr直流电机控制系统硬件设计.docVIP

摘 要 近年来，在工业自动化、生产过程控制、测控仪表等领域的应用越来越深入和广泛ATmega16是基于增强的AVR RISC结构的低功耗8位CMOS微控制器。由于其先进的指令集以及单时钟周期指令执行时间，ATmega16 的数据吞吐率高达1 MIPS/MHz，从而可以减缓系统在功耗和处理速度之间的矛盾。主要由ATmega16LMD18200驱动构成的直流电机PWM调速控制。详细介绍了本调速控制系统的工作原理、PWM驱动接口电路和K1010光电耦合器LMD18200驱动电路相应的软件设计。 关键词：ATmega16；直流电机；PWMLMD18200 Abstract In recent years, the SCM application which used in the field of industrial automation, production process becomes more and more deepen and extensive.ATmega16 is a microcontroller buildup on AVR RISC configuration which is a low consume microcontroller of 8-bit CMOS.The data of ATmega16 have a high dispatcher which can reach 1MIPS/MHz for advanced instruction volum and the instruction of single clock cycle,so it can relaxed the conflict between consume and dispose speed.This design show us that a PWM speed system of DC-motor using ATmega16 is introduced in this paper. This paper elaborates on the system principle,optical Encoder, LMD18200 driving system, High Reliability Photo CouplerK1010,the DC-motor PWM digital control system,and system serial communication agreement of 232 communication. The system is mainly completed the start, stop and acceleration and decelerationn functions by which the master PC and ATmega16 control the DC motor. The article described in detail the speed control systems working principle, the PWM drive interface circuit and K1010 Optocoupler,LMD18200 drive circuit, the relative software design of the serial communication control circuit.The software is programmed through ICCAVR, then simulated by AVRStudio and the compiled code is downloaded to ATmega16 to control the system. Key words: ATmega16; DC-motor; PWM;LMD18200 目 录 1 绪论 1 1.1 课题的背景及意义 1 1.2 直流电机的发展 2 1.3 本设计完成的工作 2 2 AVR单片机简介 3 2.1 单片机系统概述 3 2.2 ATmega16功能概述 3 2.3 ATmega16单片机 5 2.3.1 ATmega16单片机的特点及特性 5 2.3.2 ATmega16单片机引脚配置及说明 8 2.3.3 CPU 9 2.3.4 存储器 10 2.3.5 I/O口介绍 12 2.3.6 复位电路 17 2.3.7 时钟电路 18 3 直流电机控制系统硬件设计 21 3.1 总体电路设计 21 3.2 时钟电路 21 3.3 系统复位电路 21 3.4 串行通信接口电路设计 22 3.4.1 主