公共财政学第第六章.pptVIP

* * * axes and labels 1st click – Brad 2nd click – Jen 3rd click – Angelina 4th click – “Single-peaked preferences” and two arrows 5th click – “Double-peaked preferences” and curved arrow * * * * Melanie votes for library if Rhett votes for hospital; and Rhett and Scarlet trade votes for the pool and library * Left box by 2nd level paragraphs Right box by 2nd level paragraphs * Distribution and labels 1st click - Female politician locates on right 2nd click - Male politician locates directly to left of female 3rd click - female moves to left of male (but still to right of mean) 4th click - male politician moves just left of mean * * * * Axes and labels 1st click – V schedule 2nd click – C schedule 3rd click – two tangents, dashed line, Q* and “Efficient Output” tag 4th click – dashed line, Qbc, “Actual output” * * Axes, labels, D, MR, and S=MC 1st click - rents * * * * * * 6-* McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright ? 2008 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. CHAPTER 6 POLITICAL ECONOMY 引言 几位官员在讨论一笔公共资金的使用问题。他们想，此生没有希望再读小学了，但有可能坐监狱。于是，他们一致同意将资金用来改善监狱条件。 个人事务的公共选择 引言 用经济学原理来理解政治决策 ——政治经济学 用经济学的方法来研究政治问题 公共选择理论 政府是使其自身利益最大化的机构 自利（自私）不一定就无效率。 市场与政治 政治市场 Direct Democracy-Unanimity Rules r per year 0 0’ Adam’s share (SA) Eve’s share (SE) DrA The Lindahl Model DrE r* S* Wicksell-Lindahl模型 威克塞尔(1851-1926) 林达尔Erik Robert Lindahl?(1891?–1960)? 林达尔价格Probably the most theoretically rigorous member of the?Stockholm School, Erik Lindahl was the only member of that group who stayed wholly within academia. Although he obtained his degree at Lund and was highly influenced by Knut?Wicksell, he was not Wicksells student. James McGill Buchanan, Jr.?(born October 3, 1919- ) 诺贝尔经济学奖1986年 /nobel_prizes/economics/laureates/1986/buchanan-lecture.html Feasibility of Unanimity Rules Reaching equilibrium Practical problems Strategic behavior time to reach equilibrium Direct Democracy-Majority Voting Rules Majority voting rule – one more than half of the voters must favor a measu