x53k立式铣床毕业设计说明书.doc

摘要 通过对数控系统的研究，分析了X53K立式铣床的机械部分、进给伺服系统等的设计计算，进一步对电器控制系统进行数控改造，利用微机对纵向、横向进给系统进行开环控制，要求在纵向和横向具有直线和圆弧插补功能，且纵向、横向的脉冲当量均为0.01mm/脉冲，控制X向、Y向两个坐标。驱动元件采用步进电机，传动系统采用滚珠丝杠。并针对8031芯片系统的单片机进行了编程设计。从而使得该机床具有适应性强、较高的加工精度、稳定的加工质量等优点。 关键词：普通机床，数控机床，改造 ABSTRACT Numerical control system through research, analysis of the mechanical part of the X53K vertical milling machine, feed servo system design and calculation, and further to the electrical control system for NC transformation, the use of computers to vertical, horizontal feed system for open-loop control, demand In the vertical and horizontal with straight lines and circular interpolation function, and the vertical, horizontal pulses are equivalent 0.01mm / pulse, control X to, Y coordinates of the two. Drive components with stepper motor drive system with ball screw. And for the 8031 micro controller chip systems for the programming design. Which makes the machine has a strong adaptability, high machining accuracy and stable machining quality and so on. Key words: ordinary machine， Numerically-controller machine tool， transformation 目 录 1 绪论-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1 1.1 国内外基本情况--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1 1.2 数控化改造的优缺点-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4 1.3 铣床介绍------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5 1.4 数控铣床的分类--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5 1.5 立式数控铣床的常用布局形式----------------------------------------------------------------------10 2 基本方案的比较与选择----------------------------------------------------------------------------------11 2.1 伺服驱动-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11 2.2 数控装置-----------------------------------------------------------