新编英美文化视听说 unit 4.pptVIP

American  Government ——Chinese Major Warming-up A B ①Founding Fathers a.《权利法案》 ②Bill of Rights b.众议院 ③Supreme Court c.最高法院 ④House of Representatives d.开国元勋 ⑤American Gongress e.美国国会 The U.S. government, as outlined by the Constitution, is divided into three branches: legislative, executive and judicial. The legislative branch passes the laws, the executive enforces the laws and the judicial interprets the laws. 美国政府，按照宪法概述，分为三个部门：立法，行政和司法。立法部门通过法律，行政部门执行法律和司法解释的法律。 1.Background Information The legislative branch is comprised of the two houses of Congress, the Senate and the House of Representatives.The executive branch is represented by the president, who is called the chief executive or chief of state. The judicial branch is made up of the Supreme Court and about 100 other federal courts. 立法机构由国会的参议院和众议院两院。行政机构由总统代表，所谓的行政长官，或是国家元首。司法机构是由最高法院及大约100名联邦法院。 1.Background Information In order to prevent any one branch of government from becoming more powerful than the other two, the Constitution has established a system of checks and balances. 为了防止变得比其他两个强大的政府任何一个部门，宪法确立了系统“制衡”。 1.Background Information In many countries, power rests with a strong centralized government. In contrast, under the American federal system, the national government shares its power with the state governments. The federal government possesses only those powers clearly delineated in the Constitution; all remaining powers are reserved for the states. 在许多国家，权力集中于中央政府。相比之下，在美国联邦制度下，国家政府共享其与州政府的权力。联邦政府只拥有宪法中明确陈述的权力，所有的权力都保留在州。 2.American Congress Congress of the United States,legislative branch of the United States government. Congress is composed of two chambers with equal powers: the Senate and the House of Representatives. 2.American Congress The primary duty of Congress is to write, debate, and pass bills (proposed laws), which are then passed on to the pre