新祥旭对外经贸大学考研辅导资料英美国家概况.doc

新祥旭对外经贸大学考研辅导资料-英美国家概况 英国部分 1.Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England. 2.Three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: England, Scotland and Wales. (1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section. (2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capital: Edinburgh. (3) Wales is in the west of Great Britain. Capital: Cardiff (4) Northern Ireland is the fourth region of the UK. Capital: Belfast. 3.The Commonwealth (of nations) is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. It was founded in 1931, and has 50 member countries until 1991. 4.Ben Nevis is the highest mountain in Britain Severn River is the longest river in Britain. Thames River is the second longest and most important river in Britain. Lough Neagh is the largest lake in Britain which is located in Northern Ireland. River Clyde is the most important river in Scotland. 5. Britain has a maritime climate 6. Britain has a population of about 57 millions and it is very unevenly distributed. 90% of the population is urban and only 10% is rural. The population of Britain is made up mainly of the English, the Scottish, the Welsh, the Irish , the Northern Irish and other peoples. 7. The ancestors of the English are Anglo-Saxons, the Scots, Welsh and Irish are Celts. 8. The difference in character： The Welsh are emotional and cheerful people. They are music lovers and are proud of their past. The Scots are said to be a serious, cautious and thrifty people, and they are also hospitable, generous and friendly. The Irish are charm and vivacity. 9.The Welsh keep their language and culture in this way: Throughout the year they have festivals of song and dance and poetry called Eisteddfodau. The great event of the year is the National Eisteddfod. On these occasions competitions are held in Welsh poetry, musi