水手分椰子类型题简易通解公式与推导中英对照.docVIP

?? ? ??? 水手分椰子类型题简易通解公式及推导 （中英对照修改版） Sailors assigned coconut problem, simple General Solution Formula and derivation of the (Bilingual modified version) 中国湖南省祁阳县 陈小刚?? ? ?引言,“水手分椰子”是趣味数学题”水手、猴子和椰子”的习惯简称，在中国被改为（五猴分桃）这是一道世界著名的趣味数学题，于1926年,首先刊登在美国《星期六晚邮报》上，据说,最早是由伟大物理学家狄拉克提出来的，这一貌似简单的问题曾困扰住了他，为了获得简便的計算方法，他把问题提交给当时的一些数学家，有意思的是，竟然也没有得到满意的结果，随后，在经过美国数学科普大师马丁*加德纳的介绍后，该题得到了更为广泛的流传。1979年，诺贝尔物理学奖获得者，李政道博士在“中国科技大学”讲学时，特地提到此题；自此以后，研究该题的简易计算方法迅速风靡国内。 Preface:seaman divided coconut is interesting mathematical topics seaman, the monkey and the coconut used simple ?name, (China was changed to five monkeys divided peach).This is a very famous interesting mathematical problem, first published in the United States ?the Saturday evening post.It is said that the famouse physicist Dirac is the earliest man who brought out this problem,, this seemingly simple problems had plagued him. In order to obtain a simple method, he put this problem, give some mathematicians, interestingly, also ?did not get ?satisfactory result. On 1979 years, the Nobel Prize winner, Lee Dr. China University of Technology lecture, specially referred to this question; since then, to study the problems of simple calculation method, quickly swept the country.. 曾对“五水手分椰子”的广泛流传起过重要作用的, 著名现代数理逻辑学家怀德海, 曾用高阶差分方程理论的通解和特解的关系, 对“水手分椰子”一题,给出过一个答案为(-4)的巧妙特解。近十多年来, 在后来者的不断努力下，一些比较简便的方法也逐步出现。但严格的来说：目前所取得的成果，其本上还是局限于“水手分椰子”(或五猴分桃)这一个具体题目，离全面彻底而又简捷地求解所有这种类型的题目，还有着较大的距离。 ? I was in 1979, in the monthly Chinese youth, and see the Chinese-style sailor of coconut - five monkeys sub peach a question, and through the use equation, the solution obtained。At that time I felt that doing this particular subject, has little significance. Meanwhile in a very complex calculation process, feel slightly faint if this type of problem can find some regularity. So through five, six days of effort, finally figured out all kinds of questions of this kind of simple general solution formula:y=an－db/c.Howeve