M-._西格玛水平R.ppt

欢迎参加;六西格玛项目的改进阶段;After this session, you will be able to… Analyze your process data to evaluate Stratification Factors Use the data to evaluate the capability of the process for satisfying the performance standards on Y Evaluate both the short- and long-term capability of the process for satisfying requirements Determining process capability for non-normal data Interpret the process capability to identify the potential for improving the process;本章重点;s;M8 – Process Capability ;All Processes Have Variation; Descriptive Statistics : Central Tendency;描述统计 -中央的倾向;;;偏差与标准偏差 ;课堂练习;直方图 - Histogram ;不同形状的直方图;直方图的正态分布曲线;What we can tell from the Mean and Std. Dev.?;Defects;If we have both lower and upper spec limits (bull’s eye), we calculate an overall process capability (called Zbench) that properly accounts for defects on either side of the specification limits;上限与下限的概念;西格玛水平的计算 ;西格玛水平与缺陷率的换算 ;课堂练习;1s;2;课堂练习;项目时间;Creating a Histogram;Common Histogram Shapes;Failure Time (hours);How is My Data Distributed? Evaluating Central Tendency ;Mean: Arithmetic average of a set of values Reflects the influence of all values Influenced by extreme values or outliers Median: 50th percentile Does include all values in calculation Is “robust” to extreme scores or outliers Mode: Most frequently occurring value in a data set Not uniquely defined in many cases Why would we mainly use the mean, instead of the median, in process improvement efforts?;How is my Data Distributed?;Measures of Dispersion (Variation);How is my Data Distributed?;Example: Location and Variability;What we can tell from the Mean and Std. Dev.?;The Graphical Summary:A Great “1st Look” at Your Data;Graphical View of Data;Histogram;Histogram with Normal Curve; Normal Curve;How to check if the data is normally distributed ?; Normal Curve;How to check if the data is normally distributed ?;Calculate Process Capabilities;SIGMA;What is Sigma level ?;Sigma level as a Process Capability Index;How to calculate Sigma level ?;