园林英文介绍日本园林(Japenese Garden)园林英文介绍日本园林(Japenese Garden).pptVIP

Landscape Gardens Japanese Gardens 姓名 2013.3.13 Brief Introduction Japanese gardens are traditional gardens that create miniature idealized landscapes, often in a highly abstract and stylized way.The gardens of the Emperors and nobles were designed for recreation and aesthetic pleasure, while the gardens of Buddhist temples were designed for contemplation and meditation. They were developed under the influences of Chinese gardens,but gradually Japanese garden designers began to develop their own aesthetics, based on Japanese materials and Japanese culture. Characteristics It is said that the Japanese generate “the best of nature‘s handiwork in a limited space.”Some basic characteristics and principles are: Miniaturization 微型. The Japanese garden is a miniature and idealized view of nature. Rocks can represent mountains, and ponds can represent seas. Concealment 隐趣. Features are hidden behind hills, trees, groves or bamboo, walls or structures, to be discovered when the visitor follows the winding path. “Borrowed” Scenery 借景.Smaller gardens are often designed to incorporate the view of features outside the garden as part of the view,which makes the garden seem larger than it really is. Asymmetry 不对称. Japanese gardens are not laid on straight axes, or with a single feature dominating the view. Design Elements Water Rock and sand Garden architectures Garden bridges Stone lanterns and water basins Garden fences, gates, and devices Plants Styles Along with the development of history,Japanese gardens have formed several different styles and types. Dry Rock Gardens（karesansui 枯山水） Pond Gardens （Chisen-shoyū-teien 池泉园） The Paradise Gardens（净土庭院） Tea Gardens（roji 茶庭） Promenade Gardens（kaiyū-shiki-teien 漫步花园） Courtyard Gardens（tsubo-niwa） Hermitage gardens（隐士园林） Styles—— Dry Rock Gardens（karesansui ） Dry Rock Gardens or Zen Gardens often have white sand or raked gravel in place of water, carefully arranged rocks, and sometimes rocks and sand covered with moss. Their pur