方法介绍：英汉互译实践.pptVIP

试译下列各句，注意不要译出斜体词或小品词 1. Like his friends he had many wonderful ideas, but he only put a few into practice. 2. In fact he showed quite clearly that the Copernican ideas were correct. But he did not say openly that he accepted them. 3. Her dark hair waved untidy across her broad forehead, her face was short, her upper lip short, showing a glint of teeth, her brows were straight and dark, her lashers long and dark, her nose straight. 4. In my childhood I learned a great deal about Russia. 5. His telescope and experiments were always bringing him new surprises, and he made notes of his work every day. 6. As the temperature increases, the volume of water becomes greater. 7. “Now, if we put this sofa against the wall and move everything out of the room except the chairs, don’t you think it all right?” 8. Smoking is not allowed in the store-room. 9. When I got to the wharf, the steamer had already started. 第四节 词类转译法 词类转译(conversion)是指翻译时在保持原文内容不变的前提下, 根据译文语言的表达习惯对原文某些词语进行词性转换, 从而使译文通顺自然。 一、转译成动词 汉语句子中动词比英语句子中的动词多，这是汉语的一个特点，而在英语句子中只有一个谓语动词。例如，在 The maintenance of public order in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region will be the responsibility of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.(香港特别行政区的社会治安由香港特别行政区政府负责维持)中，英语的谓语动词只有一个be，翻译时我们把抽象名词 maintenance \ responsibility 译成汉语的动词“负责维持”。因此，英语中不少词类（尤其是名词、前置词、形容词、副词）在汉译时往往可以转换成动词, 并对其他句子成分作相应的调整..反之, 汉译英时则常常需要把动词转换成名词. １．名词转译成动词 英语中大量有动词派生的名词和具有动作意义的名词以及其他名词往往可以转译成汉语动词。 １）由动词派生的名词转译成动词 There is a belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling. 学生家长们普遍认为学校不再对教单词拼写感兴趣。 ２）含有动词意味的名词(在记述\描写问题中出现较多)往往可以转译成动词 The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing. 看到我们的喷气式飞机,听见隆隆的机声,令我特别神往. 3） 英语中有些加后缀-er的名词, 例如teacher, worker等等, 有时在句中并不指其身份或职业,而是具有较强的动作意味,在汉语中没有恰当的对应名词时,往往可以译成动词. 1)I am afraid I can’t teach you swimming. I think my little brother is a better teacher than I. 我未必会教你游泳,我想我的小弟弟比我教得好. 2． 副词转译成动词 As he ran out, he forgot to have his shoes on. 他跑出去时，忘记了穿鞋子