高考英语语法-冠词.docVIP

冠词 考点一：不定冠词的用法 不定冠词最大的语法功能是：用在单数名词前表示泛指，表明一类人或物，以区别与它类。 1、指人或物的某一类，或某类人或物中的任何一个： His father is a university professor.他父亲是位大学教授。 2、表示“一个”“某一”“每一”的概念。 A Mr. Green wants to see you.一个格林先生想见你。 3、用于一些固定搭配中： a few, a bit, a lot of, in a hurry, at a time, many a, all of a sudden The Wilsons live in A-shaped house near the coast. It is 17thc century cottage. A. the / B. an; the C. /; the D. an; a 答案：D 考点二：定冠词的用法： 1、表示前面已提到的人或事物，或双方都知道的人或事物。 I got a letter this morning. The letter was written in English. 2、①用于可数名词单数前面表示“一类” 用于形容词或过去分词前使其名词化，表示一类人或事物。 the deaf/sick/mute/old/young/beautiful/new the wounded/oppressed（受压迫者） 3、用于世界上独一无二的事物前 the earth/moon/universe/sky/atmosphere/sun 用于方位名词前或表示时间的词组和习惯用语中 in the west/east/north/south on the left/right in the morning/afternoon/evening in the end 4、有后置定语修饰的名词前面。 Failure is the mother of success. This is the pen that I promised to lend you. 5、乐器名词前 play the piano/violin 表数量单位的名词I was paid by the hour. 姓氏复数名词前表示一家人或夫妇俩 the Greens 年代名词前 in the 1990s 6、用于表示发明物的单数名词前 The compass was invented in China 4,000 years ago. Who invented the telephone? 7、代替所有格代词，指已提到过的人的身体部位或衣着的某部分。 hit/knock/strike/pat+sb.+in/on+the+部位 catch/grasp/pull/push/take/seize+sb.+by+the+部位 be blind/lame/wounded+in+the+部位 The policeman caught the thief by the arm. The camel was lame in the left foot. 8、在有些国家和民族的形容词前，泛指这个国家和民族全体成员，此类形容词一般以“-sh, -ese, -ch”结尾 the Irish the English the Japanese the Swedish 用于普通名词构成的专有名词前 the People’s Republic of China the United States the Communist Party of China the United Kingdom 9、用以festival组成的节日之前 the Mid-autumn Festival the Spring Festival 但以day组成的节日前不加冠词 National Day Women’s Day May Day Children’s Day Christmas Day 10、The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. ①用于形容词最高级和序数词前 用于地理名称前及由普通名词构成的专有名词之前，表示国家、党派、组织机构、报刊、条约、朝代、江、河、湖、海、山脉、川、群岛、海峡、海湾、运河、岛屿等，如：the Suez Canal the Red Sea the People’s Daily the Tang Dynasty the Taiwan Straits the Pacific Ocean the United States 但是，与Mount开头的山和一些湖前不加定冠词