[生物学]1001-诺贝尔化学奖-1.ppt

Nobel Prize Facts On 27 November 1895, Alfred Nobel signed his last will and testament, giving the largest share of his fortune to a series of prizes in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature and Peace - the Nobel Prizes. In 1968, Sveriges Riksbank (Swedens central bank) established The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. Nobel Prize Facts 537 Nobel Prizes! Between 1901 and 2009, the Nobel Prizes and the Prize in Economic Sciences were awarded 537 times. There have been a few years in which the Nobel Prize was not awarded, particularly during World War I and II. In the statutes of the Nobel Foundation it says: If none of the works under consideration is found to be of the importance indicated in the first paragraph, the prize money shall be reserved until the following year. If, even then, the prize cannot be awarded, the amount shall be added to the Foundations restricted funds. Nobel Prize Facts Nobel Prize Facts Years when the Nobel Prize have not been awarded Nobel Prize Awarded Women The Nobel Prize and Prize in Economic Sciences have been awarded to women 41 times between 1901 and 2009. Only one woman, Marie Curie, has been honoured twice, with the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics and the 1911 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. This means that 40 women in total have been awarded the Nobel Prize between 1901 and 2009. The youngest and oldest Nobel Laureate To date, the youngest Nobel Laureate is Lawrence Bragg, who was just 25 years old when he received the Nobel Prize in Physics with his father in 1915. The oldest Laureate to date is Leonid Hurwicz, who was 90 years old when he was awarded the 2007 Prize in Economic Sciences. Oldest living Nobel Laureate The Nobel Laureate who has lived to the oldest age is Rita Levi-Montalcini, who was awarded the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. She celebrated her 100th anniversary on 22 April 2009! Two Nobel Laureates have declined the Nobel Prize! Jean-Paul Sartre,