扣押问题的定性与思辩-高大法学论丛.PDFVIP

扣押問題的定性與思辯 1 《高大法學論叢》 第 6 卷第 2 期(03/2011) ，頁103-130 扣押問題的定性與思辯 ＊ 柯耀程 摘 要 在強制處分手段之中，扣押雖與搜索同為對物的強制處分手段，且 在學理的論述，或是實務的見解中，二者時常如影隨形，但扣押與搜索 的目的性不同，在強制處分正當性的要求上，有所差異，乃至因違法所 生的效應，二者間完全不同，不能等而視之。雖然扣押與搜索同屬於財 產權干預的強制手段，但扣押的權利干預效應，有時更甚於搜索。惟學 理詮釋二者概念時，焦點多置於搜索的問題，卻輕忽扣押的權利干預問 題，或許是因程序正當性效應，搜索係直接作用於取得之證據，而違法 扣押的效果，卻非屬於程序效應之問題。但同屬於強制處分手段，扣押 的影響，並不亞於搜索，甚至其權利干預的侵害效應，更是有過之而無 不及。因此，全面性檢視扣押的問題，對於建構正當化強制處分手段， 乃有其不可偏廢的必要性。 ＊ 國立中正大學法學院教授、德國慕尼黑大學法學博士 投稿日期：07/23/2010 ；接受刊登日期：01/04/2011 責任校對：廖紫喬、黃云宣 2 高大法學論叢 第 6 卷．第 2 期 Quality and Speculation about the Problems of Detention ** Yaw-Cheng Ke Abstract Detention and search are both measure that enforcement action in rem. No matter theories or practice, both of them very closely associated with each other. But their purposes, the legitimacy of enforcement action and the effect when the law was broken are totally different. Both of detention and search are the compulsion of property, but the interventions of detention are much stronger than search. However, theories usually focus on search but ignore the intervening problems of detention when they explain these two concepts. Perhaps the reason is the effect of legitimacy. Search affect evidence obtained directly. Nevertheless, the problems of illegal detention are not belong the problems of procedure. The effects of detention are not less than search but even more. Therefore, reviewing the problems of detention comprehensively is necessary to build justified enforcement measure.