论人文社会科学方法论中理解和说明的关系 以温奇对韦伯的挑战为例.doc

论人文社会科学方法论中_理解和说明_的关系 _ 以温奇对韦伯的挑战为例 T The relationship between understanding and explantion has been the central topic of the th methodology of the social sciences since 19 century. The enormous literature on this subject can be mainly divided into two traditions, namely, the positivist and the humanist traditionThe adherents of positivism are in pursuit of “the unity of science” on the basis of natural science’s methodology. However, the methodology of natural science has its limitation. The adherents in the humanist tradition see it clearly and take their own stand uncompromisinglyFrom their point of view, their mission is undermine the dominance of naturalism and positivism in this field. They emphasize the importance of understanding and argue for the autonomy and independence of human science. At the same time, under some circumstances, their overemphasis on understanding paralysizes the legitimacy of explanation in social science There are two approaches in the humanist tradition the Continental tradition and Anglo-American tradition. As the leading scholar of the Continental tradition, Weber integrated understanding and explanation, and made tremendous contribution to the methodology of social science. On the contrary, Winch introduced a brand-new way of thinking into social research, and argued that explanation is inappropriate for human and social science This article attempts to explore the role played by understanding and explanation in social science. The author believes that Weber’s integration of the two methods is more reasonable than Winch. Actually, without explanation, the understandidng of social phenomena cannot be scientific at all KEY WORDS: explanation; understanding; the humanities and the social sciences;social behavior目 录 引言 第一节 什么是人文社会科学 (一)对人文社会科学的一般诠释 (二)人文社会科学阵营中的两支 1、理解社会学 2、社会科学中的“语言维度” 第二节 人文社会科学的任务??理解“社会行动” (一)理解社会学中的“社会行动” (二)温奇对“有意义的行为”(meaningful behaviour)的探究 第三节 “理解”??人文社会科学的特有方法 (一)“理解”方法 (二)韦伯视域下的“理解” 1