初中英语复习专辑 短文改错题方法指导讲解及练习.doc

初中英语复习专辑(14)短文改错题方法指导讲解及练习 做短文改错题应注意以下几个步骤： 　　一、首先通读短文，初步理解短文大意，同时改正一些较容易的错误。短文中的一些句子就其本身来看，无法确定划线部分错在何处，只有通读全文，了解句子与句子之间的关系，特别是划线部分与上下文的关系，才能找出正确答案。如：“When his mother was out, the telephone rang and Jimmy answered them.”一句中，只有读懂句中划线部分指上文中的telephone，才能写出正确答案it。 　　二、在通读短文的基础上，一句一句地仔细阅读短文。 　　（一）从语法分析入手 　　? 1)冠词a; an; the或省冠词（如不可数名词） 　　? 2)区别可数、不可数。若是可数名词则应注意该单数还是复数（且注意复数的变化形式是否正确。 　　? 3)形、副区别：①判定该形还是副。②注意形、副的比较等级（且注意变化形式）。 　　? 4)代词：①区别主格、宾格。②区别形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词。③区别this / that、these / those、one / ones、it / them。④不定代词（区别二者与三者；单数还是复数；肯定还是否定） 　　? 5)动词：① 时态、语态（主谓一致、动词各种变化形式是否正确）及非谓语形式——不定式和动名词。② 动词短语的固定形式（如listen to与listen）。③ 区别近义词（如hear与listen to）。 　　? 6)数词：判定该基数词还是序数词（以及序数词的变化形式）。 　　? 7)介词：正确区别、运用介词。 　　? 8)连词：正确区别、运用连词。 　　（二）从句子结构判定所用词是否恰当（重点从句子成分的角度着手，该用何词性）。 　　（三）注意固定搭配（如the way to …）。 　　三、用改正后的答案代替相应的划线部分，从头到尾反复阅读短文，验证改正的答案是否正确。 　　下列短文的划线部分可能有误，正确的划“√”，错误的请改正。 　　( A ) 　　? Mr. and Mrs. Green had a son. They called him James and loved him very much. But there was anything (1) wrong with the child. He did everything slow (2) and could not take care of him (3). His parents did not know what was (4) wrong. So one day they took him to a doctor. The doctor looked up (5) James carefully and found the boy couldn’t see anything. So (6) the doctor said he can (7) do nothing to help the boy. 　　? A few years later, Mr. and Mrs. Green listened (8) there was a good doctor in a town not far away. So they took the boy to visit him. The doctor did a small operation with (9) James. After the operation James could see. What (10) happy everyone was. 　　1._________ 2._________ 3._________ 　　4._________ 5._________ 6._________ 　　7._________ 8._________ 9._________ 　　10._________ 　　( B ) 　　? An eleven-year-old boy in a small town wanted being (1) a train driver. But the boy was born without arms. His father taught him to use his feet for (2) “hands”. He couldn’t go to school, so (3) he spent all his time watch (4) trains coming and going because he lived near the station. What (5) he wanted t