[工学]计算机导论.ppt

Chapter 1 The Big Picture 《计算机科学导论》课程组 Introduction Components of Chapter Goals Sections Summary Key Terms Exercises Key Terms Text DIY (Do it yourself) Chapter 1 The Big Picture Goals 1. Layers of a computer system 2. Abstraction and relationship to computing 3. History of hardware and software 4. Ever-changing role of the computer user 5. Systems programmers and applications programmers 6. Computing as a tool and/or a discipline Chapter 1 The Big Picture Sections 1.1 Computing Systems 1.2 The History of Computing 1.3 Computing as a Tool and a Discipline Chapter 1 The Big Picture Summary Paragraph1 Paragraph2 Paragraph3 Paragraph4 Reading Paragraph in detail Chapter 1 Summary Paragraph 1,3 A computing system includes: hardware software data A computing system can be divided into layers: Chapter 1 Summary Paragraph 2 Roots of modern computing systems 4 generations: each characterized by components of the hardware software tools Chapter 1 Summary Paragraph 4 Computer science, future of computing systems Other disciplines, application, computer as a tool Exercises Goal 3 1-10: historical important people (history of computing) 11-23: hardware, generation 24-38: software, generation 39: changing profile of the user 47: machine language vs. assembly language 48: assembly language vs. high-level language 49: FORTRAN, COBOL, 2nd generation of computer software, history, purpose 52: operating systems, development Exercises Goal 6 40: computing as a tool vs. a discipline 41: computing- mathematical, scientific or engineering discipline? 42: system areas vs. application areas 44: 6 subject subareas of computer science – systems areas 45: 6 subject subareas of computer science – applications areas Exercises 43: abstraction 抽象 46: protocol 协议 50: assembler vs. compiler 51: systems programmer vs. applications programmer 53: systems software, constitutes 54: pieces of software 55: SPSS Contents 1.1 Computing Systems 1.2 The History of Computing