NANOTECHNOLOGY NANOPHARMACOLOGY 纳米技术纳米药物.pptxVIP

NANOTECHNOLOGY,NANOPHARMACOLOGY National O.O. Bogomolets Medical University E.O.Paton Electric Welding Institute Kyiv, Ukraine 2 NANOTECHNOLOGY Nanotechnology is a complex of scientific knowledge, methods and means aimed at controllable assembly (synthesis) of various substances, materials and items with the linear size of structural elements of up to 100 nm (1 nm – 10-9 m; 1 nm = 10 Ǻ) from individual atoms and molecules. 3 NANOTECHNOLOGY: PRODUCING OF NANOPARTICLES Mechanical disintegration. Chemical synthesis. Photochemical synthesis. Vacuum evaporation methods. Microbiological synthesis. 4 ELECTRON BEAM TECHNOLOGY Electron beam evaporation of materials in vacuum differs from other methods of vacuum evaporation – thermal and ion-plasma, primarily, by its versatility, technological flexibility, efficiency and cost-effectiveness. The electron beam is one of the most effective heat sources. At collision of the flying electron with the solid surface the main fraction of kinetic energy of the electrons is converted into thermal energy in a thin surface layer 1 – 2 μm thick. Therefore, at heating by the electron beam the heat source is in the solid itself and ensures the maximum complete conversion of electric energy into thermal energy. 5 ELECTRON BEAM TECHNOLOGY Modern electron beam guns of 50 – 100 kW power allow evaporation of metallic and non-metallic substances at sufficiently high rates, approximately up to 10-2 g · cm-2 · s-1. Evaporators consisting of a copper water-cooled crucible (cylinder), into which the evaporation material is placed in the form of ingot (cast or compacted) of 25 to 70 mm diameter, have become the most widely applied in practice. 6 SCHEMATIC OF ELECTRON BEAM EVAPORATION 7 NANOPARTICLES Fe3O4 8 ELECTRON BEAM TECHNOLOGY The International Center for Electron Beam Technologies of the E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute designed and organized manufacturing of laboratory, pilotproduction and production electron beam equipment fo