linux desktop 的现况与未来.pptVIP

June 18, 2004 Linux Desktop 現況與未來 Jim Huang (黃敬群) jserv @ Official Kaffe Developer 題綱 Desktop suite 概況 非 X 架構的 Desktop Environment Desktop 標準 – FreeD 進階 X Extensions 未來的挑戰 Desktop suite 現況 Packaging RPM 為主 Desktop KDE GNOME Browser Mozilla Konqueror Mail Client Evolution Kmail Office suite OpenOffice KOffice Desktop 架構 Desktop 的技術層面 以 MS-Windows 為例 Object Model: COM/ActiveX Component Exchange: OLE Clipboard Manager User Interface: Rich Win32 API Configuration: Win32 Registry Desktop 的技術層面 (續) KDE 架構 Object Model: KParts Component Exchange: DCOP (Desktop Communication Protocol) Clipboard Manager: Klipper User Interface: Qt / KDElibs Configuration: serialized objects / plain text Desktop 的技術層面 (續) GNOME 架構 Object Model: Bonobo (extends CORBA) Component Exchange: Gnorba (GNOME CORBA framework) / Orbit (free CORBA implementation) Clipboard Manager: GCM (GNOME Clipboard Manager) User Interface: GTK+ / GNOME-libs Configuration: GConf Desktop Environment Dr. Bert G. Wachsmuth 所做的介紹： Desktop environments are both a control framework and an interaction framework for programs that run on X Windows and the user. The desktop environment often includes a window manager that is specifically required by the desktop environment. It is an interaction framework because it provides a means for programs to communicate with one another in a very high-level way. The desktop environment is an optional component, since many window managers offer sufficient functionality to negate it as a requirement, but in order to make more advanced features available, a desktop environment is required. Desktop Environment 成功因素 i18n (Internationalization) / L10n (localization) 能力 良好的 Framework/Toolkit 支持 多樣化的 profile/configuration 處理 高擴充性、延展性、模組化設計 Desktop 各元件間必須同時兼具高凝聚性與低耦合度，能夠立刻 (on-the-fly) 抽換元件，而不影響既有運作，並且可以動態載入模組，藉由特定介面進行操作 應用程式間的互動性 支持強化 Desktop Environment 的 extension (以 X 架構為例) 快速更換不同外觀、環境、設定，以及各種展現 與週邊裝置 (硬體) 的整合度 對應硬體需要有足夠的抽象化設計 依循國際標準 Desktop 標準 -- FreeD 由 KDE 與 GNOME 開發者共同發起 (March