文学视角.docVIP

文学视角视角 POINT OF VIEWPoint of view is the position from which the story is told. It is the author’s relationship to his or her fictional world, especially to the minds of the characters. There are four common points of view as follows.全知视角 OMNISCIENT POINT OF VIEWIn the omniscient position, the author, not one of the characters, tells the story, and the author assumes complete knowledge of the characters’ actions and thoughts. The author can thus move at will from one place to another, one time to another, one character to another, and can even speak his or her own views directly to the reader as the work goes along. Examples are Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter, Hardy’s Tess of the D’Urberruilles, and Fielding’s Joseph Andrews.有限全知视角 LIMITED OMNISCIENT POINE OF VIEW When the limited omniscient position is used , the author still narrates the story but restricts his or her revelation---and therefore our knowledge ---of the thoughts of all but one character. This character may be either a main or peripheral character. Examples are Hawthorne’s Young Goodman Brown, Crane’s The Open Boat and, for the most part, Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice. 第一人称视角 FIRST-PERSON POINT OF VIEWIn the first –person position, the author is even more restricted: one of the characters tells the story, eliminating the author can reveal anything about one character, even things the character may be dimly aware of, here the narration is restricted to what one character says he or she observes. The character-narrator many be a major character who is at the center of events or a minor character who does not participate but simply observes the action. Examples of first-person narratives are Dickens’s Great Expectations, Twain’s Huckleberry Finn, F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby, Poe’s The Cask of Amontillado, and Melville’s Bartleby the Scrivener.客观视角 OBJECTIVE POINT OF VIEWIn the objective position, the author is more restricted then in any other. Though the author is the narr