外贸政策与经济发展.DOCVIP

?發展經濟學 第十一講：國際收支與經濟發展 SESSION 11: BALANCE OF PAYMENTS AND DEVELOPMENT Required reading: Dwight H. Perkins, Steven Radelet, Donald R. Snodgrass, Malcolm Gillis, Michael Roemer, Economics of Development, W. W. Norton Company, Fifth Edition, 2001. Ch. 14 (Private Foreign Capital Flows, Debt, and Financial Crisis). Other references (if available) Michael Todaro: Economic Development, 7th Edition, Longman, 2000, Ch. 14 Gerald Meier: Leading Issues in Economic Development, 7th Edition, Oxford University Press, 2001, 187-190. J. F. Rischard, High Noon – 20 Global Problems, 20 Years to Solve Them, Basic Books, 2002 Joseph E. Stiglitz, Gobalization and Its Discontents, Norton, 2002 World Bank: World Development Report 2001/2002 – “World Development Indicators.” Peter Hess Clark Ross, Economic Development, Theories, Evidence, and Policies, The Dryden Press, 1997, Ch. 15(Balance of Payments, Exchange Rates, and External Debt). Uri Dadush and Milan Brahmbhatt, “Anticipating Capital Flow Reversals,” and Joel Bergsman and Xiaofang Shen, “Foreign Direct Investment in Developing Countries: Progress and Problems,” both in Finance and Development., IMF/World Bank, December 1995; pp. 3-5 and 6-8, respectively. Thomas Klein, External Debt Management, An Introduction, Wold Bank, 1994 緒論Introduction 本講討論發展中國家(LDCs or LDC-less developed countries)國際收支及外債和經濟發展的關係。1970和80年代外債危機及其解決之道。IMF穩定和調整政策。 兩缺口理論。投資能透過國內儲蓄與外國儲蓄來融資。外國儲蓄＝總投資—國內儲蓄。Two gap theory. Investment can be financed through domestic saving and foreign saving. Foreign saving (F) = Gross Investment (I) - Domestic saving (S). 外國儲蓄是以國際收支平衡為背景。Foreign saving in the context of balance of payments. 官方儲蓄，通常以優惠條件給予。Official saving. Usually in concessional terms. 官方發展援助，即外援。Official development assistance (ODA). = foreign aid. 外國私人儲蓄。外人直接投資，證券投資，商業銀行貸款，出口信用。Foreign private saving. Foreign direct investment (FDI), portfolio investment, commercial bank lending, export credit 技術援助。Technical assistance. Not part of BOP statisti