仁爱版英语八年级上册第一单元知识点小结[整理].docVIP

Unit 1 Are you going to play basketball? 本课重点的语法：{一般将来时态} ▼be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情。表示准备，打算做某事 用法：be going to +V原形 例句：He is going to write a letter tonight. I am going to play basketball. 重点短语： (1) see sb do sth 看见某人做了某事（强调看见动作的全过程） see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事（强调看见动作正在进行的一部分） 例句 I often see Tom play basketball on the playground.我经常看见汤姆在操场上打篮球 I saw Tom playing basketball on the playground yesterday.我昨天看见汤姆正在操场上打篮球。 类似的词还有：hear， watch， (2) almost 副词 adv. 意为“几乎，差不多” 用法：放在be动词前，动词之后。 例句：Supper is most ready. 晚饭就要好了。 I most fell off my bike.我几乎从自行车上摔下来。 (3) cheer sb. on 为某人喝彩 例句：I cheer him on. 我为他喝彩。 (4) against 介词 pre.对着，反对 play against 与……抗衡/较量 例句：We are against the war. 我们反对战争。 We play against the red team. 我们与红队较量。 (5) prefer 较喜欢，更喜欢； 用法：prefer+Ving/名词/代词 例句：I prefer playing basketball.我更喜欢打篮球。 I prefer the white dog. 我更喜欢这只白狗。 I prefer it. 我更喜欢它。 词组：prefer……to …… 喜欢……不喜欢…… 例句：His brother prefers English to math. 他的哥哥喜欢英语而不喜欢数学。 I prefer play basketball to play football. (注意此时是用原形) (6) both ……and……两个都；即……又……(后面的谓语动词用复数形式) 例句：Both Yaoming and Yijianlian play basketball in the NBA.（对） Both Yaoming and Yijianlian plays basketball in the NBA.(错) (7)dream of/about 梦见 ◆注意of/about 是介词，后面的动词要加ing 例句：Last night I dreamed of flying in the sky. (8) give up+Ving/名词/代词 意为“放弃” 例句：He gives up smoking. I don’t give up English. Don’t give it up. ◆注意代词放中间 (9) 感叹句 What + a +感情色彩的名词！ 例句：What a pity!=What a shame! 多有趣啊！ (10) take part in 参加，加入 join 参加，加入 ◆take part in指加入比赛或者活动 join一般指加入……组织 例句：She took part in running. 她参加跑步运动。 He joined the army in 1995. 他在1995年参军。 (11) spend+时间 on sth /(in ) doing sth 花费时间在某事上/花费时间在做某事上 例句：He spent one hour on the book. He spent two hours (in) doing his homework. (12) exercise 作：动词，名词(不可数)， 锻炼 例句：She dose morning exercise every day. (作名词) She exercises every day.（作动词） (13) be good at+doing sth / 名词=do well in 擅长做某事 例句：I am good at English. H