N格里高利曼昆 经济学原理第7，8章.docVIP

N.格里高利.曼昆 经济学原理第7，8章 ticular economic issues and questions that economists are interested in. The basic analytical framework usually consists of five steps: (1) characterizing economic environments, (2) specifying behavior assumptions, (3) providing an institution arrangement, (4) choosing an equilibrium, and (5) making evaluations. The paper also discusses the basic analytical methods widely adopted in modern economics, such as providing various analytical platforms, establishing reference systems, giving measuring criterions, developing analytical tools, noticing the boundary and arrange of an theory, etc. Understanding the general analytical framework and methodologies can help to classify some misunderstandings about modern economics, and can also help to use the basic economics principle or develop new economic theories to solve economic problems under various economic environments, different human behavior and institution arrangements. 　　Key words: analytical framwwork, research method, reference system, analytical tool, generality and limitation of a theory 　　JEL classification: B40, B41.