塔式起重机变幅机构的设计.docVIP

济南工程职业技术学院 毕业论文 论文题目 塔式起重机变幅机构毕业设计 姓 名 赵文涛 学 号 200603010132 专 业 机电一体化 班 级 机电0601 指导老师 华克萍 完成时间 2009年4月 摘要 QTZ80型塔式起重机布置合理，外形美观，使用方便，维修简单，工作平稳，就位快捷方便、高效。该塔机为上回转，水平臂架，小车变幅，液压自升式多用途塔机，起重力矩为800KN·m，最大起重量为8T，独立架设最大起升高度可达45m，最大变幅为56m。 变幅机构是为了满足物料装卸工作位置要求，充分利用自身的起吊能力（幅度减少能提高起重量），实现改变幅度的工作机构，并用来扩大塔式起重机的工作范围，提高生产率。 QTZ80塔式起重机是通过移动牵引起重小车实现变幅的。工作时吊臂安装、在水平位置，小车由变幅牵引机构驱动，沿着吊臂轨道（弦杆）移动。小车变幅的优点是：变幅时物料做水平移动，安装就位方便；速度快、功率省；幅度有效利用率大。其缺点为：吊臂承受较大的弯距，结构笨重，用钢量大。 绳索牵引式变幅机构的小车依靠钢丝绳牵引沿吊臂轨道运行，其驱动力不受附着力的限制，故能在略呈倾斜的轨道上行走，又由于驱动装置在小车外部，从而使小车自重大为减少，所以适用于大幅度起重量较大的起重机。在塔式起重机中大都采用绳索牵引式变幅机构，这样既可以减轻吊臂载荷，又可以使工作可靠，而且因为驱动装置放在吊臂根部，平衡重也可以减少。 关键词： QTZ80塔机 变幅机构 绳牵引小车式 目 录 摘 要·····················································I 一 塔式起重机总述·········································1 1.1总述···················································1 1.2塔式起重机的组成·······································1 1.3QTZ80型塔式起重机简介··································2 1.4QTZ80型塔式起重机简介··································3 1.5QTZ80塔式起重机简图····································4 二 变幅机构概述·········································· 5 2.1变幅机构总述···········································5 2.2QTZ80塔式起重机变幅机构数据····························5 三 塔机工作级别·········································· 7 3.1塔式起重机的工作级别···································7 3.2变幅机构工作级别·······································7 四 载荷组合···············································9 4.1载荷状态·············································9 4.2变幅机构载荷············································9 五 厂内机器设备表··········································11 六 设计计算················································12 6.1动力学设计··············································12 6.2力学计算················································12 七 参考文献················································22 八 谢词·····················································23 一 塔式起重机总述 1.1总述 塔式起重机简称塔机，也称塔吊，源于西欧。具有工作效率